Generalized granuloma annulare in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Granuloma Annulare and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

“…Because these patients did not have a detailed clinical description and had extravascular neutrophilia, they may represent a spectrum of granulomatous reaction patterns that share some histological features with GA. In contrast, in previous reports [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]17 and in our series of cases of HIV-associated GA, similar findings could not be identified in biopsy specimens that histologically showed GA.…”

“…Twenty-three cases of GA in patients with HIV infection have previously been reported. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] This study presents 34 additional cases of histologically confirmed GA in HIV-infected patients and 2 cases of perforating GA associated with HIV infection.…”

“…Also, 15 (65%) of 23 previously reported cases of HIV-associated GA were generalized. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Thus, the incidence of generalized GA appears to be increased in HIV infection compared with sporadic GA and GA in association with other systemic diseases. Because GA lesions are mostly asymptomatic or associated only with mild pruritus, we think that cases are underreported.…”

“…1,2 In1985,Penneys and Hicks 3 reported the cases of 2 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)whopresentedwithadisseminated papular eruption resembling granuloma annulare (GA). Since then, 21 other cases of GA in HIV-infected patients have been reported [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] in the English-language literature. A report 17 raised questions regarding the relation of HIV-associated GA and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.…”

Granuloma Annulare

“…29,63,65 There have been multiple reports of GA occurring in a setting of HIV infection. 37,[66][67][68][69][70] Presenting morphologies are variable, but often the presentation is atypical. These presentations include photosensitive, 17,71 molluscum contagiousum-like, 72 disseminated papular, 68 generalized, 70 oral mucosal, 37 and perforating.…”