General constraints on dark matter decay from the cosmic microwave background

Slatyer, Tracy R.; Wu, Cheng‐Hsun

doi:10.1103/physrevd.95.023010

Cited by 229 publications

(350 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Consistent with our significance analysis, we find that the first three principal components have support primarily in the redshift range 10 3 < z < 10 4 . However, in contrast to the cases of DM annihilation [26] or decay [30], where the first principal component dominates and the space of perturbations to the CMB is approximately one dimensional, in both these cases the first principal component only accounts for about 40% of the variance. Thus the space of perturbations to the CMB from scattering is genuinely multidimensional.…”

Section: Early-universe Constraints On Darkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early-Universe constraints on dark matter-baryon scattering and their implications for a global 21 cm signal

2018

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We present and compare several cosmological constraints on the cross section for elastic scattering between dark matter (DM) and baryons, for cross sections with a range of power-law dependences on the DM-baryon relative velocity v, especially focusing on the case of σ ∝ v −4 . We study constraints spanning a wide range of epochs in cosmological history, from prerecombination distortions to the blackbody spectrum and anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), to modifications to the intergalactic medium temperature and the resulting 21 cm signal, and discuss the allowed signals in the latter channels given the constraints from the former. We improve previous constraints on DM-baryon scattering from the CMB anisotropies, demonstrate via principal component analysis that the effect on the CMB can be written as a simple function of DM mass for v −4 scattering, and map out the redshifts dominating this signal. We show that given high-redshift constraints on DM-baryon scattering, a v −4 scaling of the cross section for light DM would be sufficient to explain the deep 21 cm absorption trough recently claimed by the Experiment to Detect the Reionization Step, if 100% of the DM scatters with baryons; we estimate the minimal necessary velocity scaling and find that it is close to v −4 . For millicharged DM models proposed to explain the observation, where only a small fraction of the DM interacts, we estimate that a PIXIE-like future experiment measuring CMB spectral distortion could test the relevant parameter space.

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Section: Early-universe Constraints On Darkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, DM annihilation (e.g., Refs. [23][24][25][26][27]) or decay [28][29][30][31] to SM particles can inject energy into the photon-baryon fluid between recombination and reionization, heating and ionizing the hydrogen gas and changing the CMB anisotropy spectrum accordingly.…”

Section: Constraints From Anisotropies Of the Cosmic Microwave Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Universe constraints on dark matter-baryon scattering and their implications for a global 21 cm signal

2018

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“…Taking α D α em and 1 = 10 −4 as above, m a 1 /m V 1 = 1/2, and m a 1 = 50 MeV one obtains Γ 6 ∼ 3 · 10 −51 MeV corresponding to a lifetime of ∼ 2 · 10 29 s which is a factor of ∼ 10 4 longer than the lower bound from the CMB [84] and ∼ 100 times longer than the tentative new limits from the 21 cm line 24 for this mass. Clearly a more detailed calculation of this partial width is warranted but this rough estimate indicates that the a 1 is very likely to be sufficiently long-lived in this setup to act as the DM without much impact on the analysis presented in the previous subsection.…”

Section: Jhep07(2018)118mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic mixing, dark photons and an extra dimension. Part I

Rizzo

2018

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Extra dimensions (ED) can provide a useful tool for model-building. In this paper we introduce a single, flat ED extension of the kinetic-mixing/dark photon (DP) portal for dark matter (DM) interactions with the Standard Model (SM) assuming a compactification 'radius' of order R −1 ∼ 10−1000 MeV and examine the resulting modifications to and augmentation of the usual DP phenomenology. In the present scenario, both the DP and DM experience the full 5-D while the SM fields are constrained to lie on a 4-D brane at the boundary of the ED. Such a setup can naturally yield the observed value of the DM relic density and explain the required rough degeneracy of the DM and DP masses needed to obtain it. Gauge symmetry breaking can occur via boundary conditions without the introduction of an additional singlet Higgs scalar thus avoiding all constraints associated with the coupling of such a field to the usual SM Higgs field in 5-D. The self-consistency in the removal of the kinetic mixing terms is found to lead to a brane localized kinetic term for the 5-D gauge field on the SM brane. Multiple variations of this scenario are found to be possible which are consistent with current experimental constraints but which predict very different phenomenologies. In this paper, we discuss the case of a complex scalar 5-D DM field, consistent with constraints arising from the CMB, which may or may not obtain a vacuum expectation value (vev). This approach can lead to interesting and distinctive signatures while being constrained by a wide array of existing measurements but with the details being dependent upon the model specifics.

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“…For the latter, the CMB bounds have been calculated in Ref. [65], which quantified the 95% confidence level lower bound on the lifetime for DM decaying into photons to be τ ∼ 10 24 s. This constraint can be directly converted into a bound relevant to our analysis, yielding …”

Section: Appendix: Expected Cmb Boundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining primordial black holes with the EDGES 21-cm absorption signal

et al. 2018

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The EDGES experiment has recently measured an anomalous global 21-cm spectrum due to hydrogen absorptions at redshifts of about z ∼ 17. Model independently, the unusually low temperature of baryons probed by this observable sets strong constraints on any physical process that transfers energy into the baryonic environment at such redshifts. Here, we make use of the 21-cm spectrum to derive bounds on the energy injection due to a possible population of Oð1-100ÞM ⊙ primordial black holes, which induce a wide spectrum of radiation during the accretion of the surrounding gas. After calculating the total radiative intensity of a primordial black hole population, we estimate the amount of heat and ionizations produced in the baryonic gas and compute the resulting thermal history of the Universe with a modified version of RECFAST code. Finally, by imposing that the temperature of the gas at z ∼ 17 does not exceed the indications of EDGES, we constrain the possible abundance of primordial black holes. Depending on uncertainties related to the accretion model, we find that Oð10ÞM ⊙ primordial black holes can only contribute to a fraction f PBH < ð1-10 −3 Þ of the total dark matter abundance.

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General constraints on dark matter decay from the cosmic microwave background

Cited by 229 publications

References 54 publications

Early-Universe constraints on dark matter-baryon scattering and their implications for a global 21 cm signal

Early-Universe constraints on dark matter-baryon scattering and their implications for a global 21 cm signal

Kinetic mixing, dark photons and an extra dimension. Part I

Constraining primordial black holes with the EDGES 21-cm absorption signal

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