General Anesthesia Alters the Diversity and Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota in Mice

Serbanescu, Mara A.; Mathena, Reilley Paige; Xu, Jing; Santiago-Rodríguez, Tasha M.; Hartsell, Theresa L.; Cano, Raúl J.; Mintz, C. David

doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000003938

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The decrease of alpha diversity and anaerobes and the increase of Enterococcus were the main characteristics of intestinal microbiological changes after surgery. As is well known, cardiovascular patients receiving general anesthesia, supported by cardiopulmonary bypass or not, would suffer surgical trauma and ischemic intestinal reperfusion injury, which had been confirmed as disturbing factors of intestinal microbe ( Tian et al, 2016 ; Malan-Muller et al, 2018 ; Serbanescu et al, 2019 ). Besides, the application of antibiotics and the environment of a hospital would also disrupt the gut microbiome ( Ruppe et al, 2018 ; Fassarella et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Elevated Systemic and Intestinal Inflammatory Response Are Associated With Gut Microbiome Disorder After Cardiovascular Surgery

Xiong

Yin

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Systemic inflammatory response after cardiovascular surgery is associated with poor prognosis, to which gut barrier impairment is related. To investigate whether perioperative changes of the gut microbiome are associated with systemic and intestinal inflammatory response, we examined changes of the gut microbiome, intestinal homeostasis, and systemic inflammatory response in cardiovascular patients before (Pre) surgery and on the first defecation day [postoperative time 1 (Po1)] or a week [postoperative time 2 (Po2)] postsurgery. Markedly, the enhanced systemic inflammatory response was observed in Po1 and Po2 compared with that in Pre. In line with inflammatory response, impaired gut barrier and elevated gut local inflammation were observed in Po1 and Po2. Microbiome analysis showed a remarkable and steady decline of alpha diversity perioperatively. In addition, microbial composition in the postoperation period was characterized by significant expansion of Enterococcus along with a decrease in anaerobes (Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Gemmiger, [Ruminococcus], and Coprococcus), which were typically health-associated bacteria. Spearman correlation analysis showed microbiome disorder was associated with enhanced systemic inflammatory response and intestinal dysbiosis. These results suggest that microbiome disorder was related to disturbed gut homeostatic and subsequently elevates plasma endotoxin and systemic inflammatory response after cardiovascular surgery. This study not only highlights gut microbiome would be considered in future clinical practice but also proposes a promising perspective of potential diagnostic and therapeutic options for perioperative management of cardiovascular surgery patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Elevated Systemic and Intestinal Inflammatory Response Are Associated With Gut Microbiome Disorder After Cardiovascular Surgery

Xiong

Yin

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The present results also require further investigation as to the source of increased proinflammatory activity. Recent preclinical work indicates that anesthetics can alter the diversity of the gut microbiome (Serbanescu et al., ), suggesting that a consequent increase in gut permeability may contribute to the raised levels of proinflammatory cytokines. In this context, it may also be of note that prebiotics have been shown to decrease the incidence of POCD in preclinical models (Yang, Wang, Wu, & Jiao, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BIS‐guided deep anesthesia decreases short‐term postoperative cognitive dysfunction and peripheral inflammation in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery

et al. 2019

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Objectives Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common clinical complication, with an underlying pathophysiology linked to heightened levels of neuroinflammation. However, it requires clarification as to whether the depth of anesthesia modulates postoperative cognitive dysfunction. This study investigated the association between depth of anesthesia and POCD in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Methods A total of 120 patients aged 60 years or older who were planned for abdominal surgery under total intravenous anesthesia were included in this study. The depth of anesthesia was guided by monitoring Bispectral Index (BIS) data. All study participants completed a battery of nine neuropsychological tests before surgery and at 7 days and 3 months after surgery. POCD was calculated by using the reliable change index. Plasma concentration of C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐10, S‐100β, and norepinephrine (NE) were measured. Results The incidence of POCD at 7 days after surgery in the deep anesthesia group was 19.2% (10/52), which was significantly lower (p = 0.032) than the light anesthesia group 39.6% (21/53). The depth of anesthesia had no effect on POCD at 3 months after surgery (10.3% vs 14.6%, respectively, p = 0.558). Similarly, plasma levels of CRP and IL‐1β in deep anesthesia group were lower than that in light anesthesia group at 7 days after surgery (p < 0.05), but not at 3 months after surgery (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the plasma concentration of IL‐10, S‐100β, and NE between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Deep anesthesia under total intravenous anesthesia could decrease the occurrence of short‐term POCD and inhibit postoperative peripheral inflammation in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery, compared with light anesthesia.

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“…Finally, the effect of anaesthesia on the heat stress response is unclear. In particular, animals in the study by Gathiram et al (1987a) were anaesthetised with ketamine, which appears to alter the intestinal microbiome (Serbanescu et al, 2019;Schoster et al, 2016). The effect on heat stress manifestation is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of antibiotics in reducing morbidity and mortality from heatstroke – A systematic review

Walter

Gibson

2020

Journal of Thermal Biology

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General Anesthesia Alters the Diversity and Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota in Mice

Cited by 49 publications

References 16 publications

Elevated Systemic and Intestinal Inflammatory Response Are Associated With Gut Microbiome Disorder After Cardiovascular Surgery

Elevated Systemic and Intestinal Inflammatory Response Are Associated With Gut Microbiome Disorder After Cardiovascular Surgery

BIS‐guided deep anesthesia decreases short‐term postoperative cognitive dysfunction and peripheral inflammation in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery

The efficacy of antibiotics in reducing morbidity and mortality from heatstroke – A systematic review

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