Gene Transfer Agents in Symbiotic Microbes

Christensen, Søren T.; Serbus, Laura R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51849-3_2

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 310 publications

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“…Brachyspira hyodysenteriae produces GTA-like particles, classified as the siphovirus-type, and referred to as VSH-1 [108]. These VSH-1 particles are known to mediate the transfer of a variety of markers between cells, including virulence genes and antibiotic resistance [109]. In addition, the PBSX phage-like particles are produced by Bacillus spp., Dd1 particles are produced by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, and VTA particles are produced by archaeon Methanococcus voltae.…”

Section: Gene Transfer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria: Occurrence, spread, and control

et al. 2021

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The production and use of antibiotics are becoming increasingly common worldwide, and the problem of antibiotic resistance is increasing alarmingly. Drug-resistant infections threaten human life and health and impose a heavy burden on the global economy. The origin and molecular basis of bacterial resistance is the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Investigations on ARGs mostly focus on the environments in which antibiotics are frequently used, such as hospitals and farms. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge of the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in nonclinical environments, such as air, aircraft wastewater, migratory bird feces, and sea areas in-depth, which have rarely been involved in previous studies.

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Section: Gene Transfer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the PBSX phage-like particles are produced by Bacillus spp., Dd1 particles are produced by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, and VTA particles are produced by archaeon Methanococcus voltae. They all participate in GHT [109].…”

Section: Gene Transfer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria: Occurrence, spread, and control

et al. 2021

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“…We note that precise linear correlation of DNA sequences recovered from physical particles with a corresponding prophage haplotype awaits progress in the annotation of the Wolbachia genomes from which WO phages have been recovered. Moreover, the possibility that Wolbachia genomes encode mobile genetic elements other than bacteriophages is supported by bioinformatics-based analyses [ 9 , 15 , 16 ]. These observations underscore the need for improving yields of virus-like particles produced by Wolbachia , and uncovering conditions that enhance their expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-like Particles from Wolbachia-Infected Cells May Include a Gene Transfer Agent

Fallon

Carroll

2023

Insects

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Wolbachia are obligate intracellular bacteria that occur in insects and filarial worms. Strains that infect insects have genomes that encode mobile genetic elements, including diverse lambda-like prophages called Phage WO. Phage WO packages an approximately 65 kb viral genome that includes a unique eukaryotic association module, or EAM, that encodes unusually large proteins thought to mediate interactions between the bacterium, its virus, and the eukaryotic host cell. The Wolbachia supergroup B strain, wStri from the planthopper Laodelphax striatellus, produces phage-like particles that can be recovered from persistently infected mosquito cells by ultracentrifugation. Illumina sequencing, assembly, and manual curation of DNA from two independent preparations converged on an identical 15,638 bp sequence that encoded packaging, assembly, and structural proteins. The absence of an EAM and regulatory genes defined for Phage WO from the wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, was consistent with the possibility that the 15,638 bp sequence represents an element related to a gene transfer agent (GTA), characterized by a signature head–tail region encoding structural proteins that package host chromosomal DNA. Future investigation of GTA function will be supported by the improved recovery of physical particles, electron microscopic examination of potential diversity among particles, and rigorous examination of DNA content by methods independent of sequence assembly.

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“…The model strain Mesorrhizobium loti R7A contains an enormous symbiosis island (502-kb), limiting its modification and transformation to other rhizobia or soil bacteria [ 29 ]. The process of receiving and maintaining HGT elements may increase the genetic load cost in recipient cells [ 30 , 31 ]. Moreover, bacteria have evolved some tactics to prevent exogenous DNA fragment into the cells, such as TraS or CRISPR/Cas9 system [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A xenobiotic response element (XRE) family gene containing a DUF433 domain and a set of uncharacterized genes were identified as key HGT genes in Rhizobium etli CFN42 and Rhizobium leguminosarum strain VF39SM by deleting hypothetical genes [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. The molecular biological methods offered the possibility of deleting potential rgfs to explore and modify crucial genes related to ICE Ac HGT [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 40 , 41 ] in order to maintain a minimal ICE Ac genetic tool that can efficiently pack large DNA fragments and transfer interesting functional genes into recipient cells under desired conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Module Promotes Horizontal Gene Transfer in Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571

Chen

et al. 2022

Genes

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Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 contains an 87.6 kb integrative and conjugative element (ICEAc) that conjugatively transfers symbiosis genes to other rhizobia. Many hypothetical redundant gene fragments (rgfs) are abundant in ICEAc, but their potential function in horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is unknown. Molecular biological methods were employed to delete hypothetical rgfs, expecting to acquire a minimal ICEAc and consider non-functional rgfs as editable regions for inserting genes related to new symbiotic functions. We determined the significance of rgf4 in HGT and identified the physiological function of genes designated rihF1a (AZC_3879), rihF1b (AZC_RS26200), and rihR (AZC_3881). In-frame deletion and complementation assays revealed that rihF1a and rihF1b work as a unit (rihF1) that positively affects HGT frequency. The EMSA assay and lacZ-based reporter system showed that the XRE-family protein RihR is not a regulator of rihF1 but promotes the expression of the integrase (intC) that has been reported to be upregulated by the LysR-family protein, AhaR, through sensing host’s flavonoid. Overall, a conservative module containing rihF1 and rihR was characterized, eliminating the size of ICEAc by 18.5%. We propose the feasibility of constructing a minimal ICEAc element to facilitate the exchange of new genetic components essential for symbiosis or other metabolic functions between soil bacteria.

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Gene Transfer Agents in Symbiotic Microbes

Cited by 9 publications

References 310 publications

Antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria: Occurrence, spread, and control

Antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria: Occurrence, spread, and control

Virus-like Particles from Wolbachia-Infected Cells May Include a Gene Transfer Agent

A Novel Module Promotes Horizontal Gene Transfer in Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571

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