Gene Identification in the Obligate Fungal Pathogen Blumeria graminis by Expressed Sequence Tag Analysis

Thomas, Stephen W.; Rasmussen, Søren W.; Glaring, Mikkel A.; Rouster, Jacques; Christiansen, S.K.; Oliver, Richard P.

doi:10.1006/fgbi.2001.1281

Cited by 99 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Comménil et al (1995,1998,1999) purified and partially sequenced a 60 kDa extracellular lipase from B. cinerea and showed that a specific antibody raised against this lipase suppressed lesion formation on tomato leaves. A similar lipase gene discovered through expressed sequence tag analyses of Blumeria graminis germinating conidia showed a dramatic increase in transcript abundance during conidium germination and appressorium formation (Thomas et al, 2001(Thomas et al, , 2002Y. Wei, unpublished results).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

A secreted lipase encoded by LIP1 is necessary for efficient use of saturated triglyceride lipids in Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2005

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A triglyceride lipase gene LIP1 was identified in the genome of Fusarium graminearum strain PH-1. The predicted protein encoded by LIP1 contains 591 amino acid residues with a putative N-terminal signal peptide and shows 57 and 40-44 % identity to a Botrytis cinerea lipase and five Candida rugosa lipases, respectively. Yeast cells overexpressing LIP1 showed lipolytic activity against a broad range of triglyceride substrates. Northern blot analyses revealed that expression of LIP1 was activated in planta during the fungal infection process. LIP1 expression was strongly induced in minimal medium supplemented with wheatgerm oil, but only weakly induced by olive oil and triolein. In contrast, supplementation with other carbon sources, including glucose, sucrose, apple pectin and wheat cell-wall material, did not induce LIP1 expression. Saturated fatty acids were the strongest inducers for LIP1 expression and this induction was suppressed proportionally by the presence of the unsaturated fatty acid. To determine the potential function of LIP1, gene replacement was conducted on strain PH-1. When compared with wild-type PH-1, DLIP1 mutants showed greatly reduced lipolytic activities at the early stage of incubation on minimal medium supplemented with either saturated or unsaturated lipid as the substrate, indicating that LIP1 encodes a secreted lipase for exogenous lipid hydrolysis. Moreover, the DLIP1 mutants exhibited growth deficiency on both liquid and solid minimal media supplemented with the saturated triglyceride tristearin as the sole carbon source, suggesting that LIP1 is required for utilization of this substance. Despite these differences, no variation in disease symptoms between the DLIP1 mutants and the wild-type strain was observed on susceptible cereal hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

A secreted lipase encoded by LIP1 is necessary for efficient use of saturated triglyceride lipids in Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2005

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“…The target DNA on the microarrays consisted of PCR products from three cDNA libraries, representing three different stages of development: ungerminated and germinated conidia (Thomas et al, 2001) and epiphytic mycelium (Eckert et al, 2001).…”

Section: Microarray Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Profiles of Blumeria graminis Indicate Dynamic Changes to Primary Metabolism during Development of an Obligate Biotrophic Pathogen

et al. 2005

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cDNA microarrays of Blumeria graminis f sp hordei transcript profiles during the asexual development cycle reveal the dynamics of global gene expression as the fungus germinates, penetrates, feeds on its host, and produces masses of conidia for dispersal. The expression profiles of genes encoding enzymes involved in primary metabolism show that there is a striking degree of coordinate regulation of some of the genes in the same pathway. In one example, genes encoding several glycolytic enzymes are significantly upregulated as mature appressoria form and also in infected epidermis, which contain fungal haustoria. In another example, mRNAs for lipid degrading enzymes are initially expressed at high levels in the conidia and the early germination stages and decrease significantly later. We discuss these results and draw inferences on the metabolic status of this obligate biotrophic fungus as it infects its host and completes its life cycle.

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“…18 Also, B. graminis f. sp. hordei conidia express the multicopper oxidase gene FET3, 19 which is required for full virulence in U. maydis. 17 In light of our data showing the induction of wheat PR genes following DFO treatment, it is tempting to consider that pathogen produced siderophores may in fact work as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) in triggering host defences.…”

Section: Iron and Fungal Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…hordei also uses the reductive iron uptake system. 18,19 It will be interesting to explore this relationship further and to understand how fungal siderophores are recognised and handled by host plants.…”

Section: Iron and Fungal Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Iron in Plant Defence and Fungal Virulence

Greenshields

Liu

Wei

2007

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Iron is an essential component of various proteins and pigments for both plants and pathogenic fungi. However, redox cycling between the ferric and ferrous forms of iron can also catalyse the production of dangerous free radicals and iron homeostasis is therefore tightly regulated. our work has indicated that monocot plants challenged by pathogenic fungi redistribute cellular iron to the apoplast in a controlled manner to activate both intracellular and extracellular defences. In the apoplast, the accumulation of free, reactive ferric iron mediates defensive H 2 o 2 production. Inside the cell, this efflux of iron creates a state of iron depletion, which directs the transcription of pathogenesis-related genes in concert with H 2 o 2 . In this addendum, we describe differences between the roles of iron in mediation of the oxidative burst in cereal and Arabidopsis responses to fungal pathogens. Also, we discuss the implications of current work concerning fungal iron uptake on host defence strategies.

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Gene Identification in the Obligate Fungal Pathogen Blumeria graminis by Expressed Sequence Tag Analysis

Cited by 99 publications

References 55 publications

A secreted lipase encoded by LIP1 is necessary for efficient use of saturated triglyceride lipids in Fusarium graminearum

A secreted lipase encoded by LIP1 is necessary for efficient use of saturated triglyceride lipids in Fusarium graminearum

Gene Expression Profiles of Blumeria graminis Indicate Dynamic Changes to Primary Metabolism during Development of an Obligate Biotrophic Pathogen

Roles of Iron in Plant Defence and Fungal Virulence

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