Gene Expression Profile of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture

Choke, Edward; Thompson, Matthew M.; Jones, Alun; Torsney, Evelyn; Dawson, Joseph; Laing, Ken; Nasr, Hosaam; Loftus, Ian; Cockerill, Gillian

doi:10.1196/annals.1383.006

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In a similar manner, longitudinal experiments by Choke et al (2006, 2009) investigated genes involved in aneurysm rupture by comparing mRNA expression within biopsies collected at the site of rupture with control biopsies sourced from the same patient. Pilot data confirmed that increased expression of genes involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammation may contribute towards AAA rupture 181. These findings were expanded in a stringent follow-up study, identifying 139 significant changes in gene expression between ruptured, and non-ruptured AAA biopsies (>2.5 fold increase/decrease in expression, P<0.005).…”

Section: 0 Future Prospects Of Aaa Diagnosis and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 65%

Diagnosis and Monitoring of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Current Status and Future Prospects

Moxon

Parr²,

Emeto³

et al. 2010

Current Problems in Cardiology

125

148

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly men, and prevalence is predicted to increase in parallel with a global ageing population. AAA is commonly asymptomatic, and in the absence of routine screening, diagnosis is usually incidental when imaging to assess unrelated medical complaints. In the absence of approved diagnostic and prognostic markers, AAAs are monitored conservatively via medical imaging until aortic diameter approaches 50-55mm and surgical repair is performed. There is currently significant interest in identifying molecular markers of diagnostic and prognostic value for AAA. Here we outline the current guidelines for AAA management, and discuss modern scientific techniques currently employed to identify improved diagnostic and prognostic markers. KeywordsAbdominal aortic aneurysm; diagnosis; prognosis; biomarker INTRODUCTIONAn abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dilation of the infra-renal aorta, which appears to result from chronic weakening of the arterial wall, increasing the risk of fatal rupture.1 -3 AAA is also associated with an increased risk of other major cardiovascular events in aneurysmal patients. For example the UK small aneurysm trial (UKSAT), demonstrated that only 16% of deaths in patients with 40-55mm AAAs was related to AAA repair or rupture while ~50% were due to other cardiovascular causes (mainly myocardial infarction and stroke).4 Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access AAA pathologyMacroscopically, an AAA can be considered a dilatation of the infrarenal aorta, giving rise to a permanent vessel diameter >30mm (typical abdominal aortic diameter ranges from 15 to 25mm). 23-27 AAA vessel dilation is commonly progressive, and is often accompanied by the formation of a laminated, non-occlusive, intraluminal thrombus.28 -29 Thrombus size and location varies between patients, and the arterial wall may be partially or completely covered by the thrombus ( Figure 1A and B). 30 The thrombus remains in permanent contact with circulating blood and is continually remodeled, 31,32 and thrombus size increases in parallel with aortic dilation. Due to constant remodeling the thrombus is a laminated structure comprising a red blood cell-rich luminal layer in contact with the flowing blood, progressing to a brown fibrinolysed layer at the aortic wall. 29 Localised hypoxia has been demonstrated in regions of the aorta covered by the thrombus and this has been suggested to contribute to physiological stresses within the arterial wall. 33 Similar to other vascular dise...

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Section: 0 Future Prospects Of Aaa Diagnosis and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 65%

Diagnosis and Monitoring of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Current Status and Future Prospects

Moxon

Parr²,

Emeto³

et al. 2010

Current Problems in Cardiology

125

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Choke et al 19 in 2006 identified activation of apoptosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation transcriptional pathways in AAA rupture regions. These results are not in accordance with our results, ie, high rupture risk region samples did not show more congruent gene expression patterns than low rupture regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Profiling in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms After Finite Element Rupture Risk Assessment

et al. 2017

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“…These constantly evolving technologies may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers for AAA rupture risk. Among hundreds of genes that were found to be differentially expressed in the rupture edge as compared to the anterior sac of AAA tissues, many of them encode factors that are involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and apoptosis [136]. Some of these features/pathways have been extensively studied in other diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer [137–141].…”

Section: Summary and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The Present and the Future

Hong¹,

Yang²,

Liu³

et al. 2010

CVP

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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a common, progressive, and potentially lethal vascular disease. A major obstacle in AAA research, as well as patient care, is the lack of technology that enables non-invasive acquisition of molecular/cellular information in the developing AAA. In this review we will briefly summarize the current techniques (e.g. ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) for anatomical imaging of AAA. We also discuss the various functional imaging techniques that have been explored for AAA imaging. In many cases, these anatomical and functional imaging techniques are not sufficient for providing surgeons/clinicians enough information about each individual AAA (e.g. rupture risk) to optimize patient management. Recently, molecular imaging techniques (e.g. optical and radionuclide-based) have been employed to visualize the molecular alterations associated with AAA, which are discussed in this review. Lastly, we try to provide a glance into the future and point out the challenges for AAA imaging. We believe that the future of AAA imaging lies in the combination of anatomical and molecular imaging techniques, which are largely complementary rather than competitive. Ultimately, with the right molecular imaging probe, clinicians will be able to monitor AAA growth and evaluate the risk of rupture accurately, so that the life-saving surgery can be provided to the right patients at the right time. Equally important, the right imaging probe will also allow scientists/clinicians to acquire critical data during AAA development and to more accurately evaluate the efficacy of potential treatments.

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Gene Expression Profile of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Diagnosis and Monitoring of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Current Status and Future Prospects

Diagnosis and Monitoring of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Current Status and Future Prospects

Gene Expression Profiling in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms After Finite Element Rupture Risk Assessment

Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The Present and the Future

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