Gender differences in the severity and extent of coronary artery disease

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate whether women presenting with suspected angina would show less severe coronary artery disease in than men as determined by the extent score.MethodsWe examined 994 participants of the Australian Heart Eye Study presenting for coronary angiography in the investigation of chest pain from June 2009 to February 2012. People were excluded if there was a history of coronary artery bypass surgery, previous stenting procedure or incomplete angiogram scoring. An extent and vessel score was calculated using invasive coronary angiography. Normal coronary arteries were defined as having no luminal irregularity (Extent score = 0). Obstructive coronary artery disease was defined as a luminal narrowing of greater than 50%.ResultsWomen compared to men without infarction had a lower burden of CAD with up to 50% having normal coronary arteries in the 30–44 year group and 40% in the 45–59 year group. Compared to men, women with chest pain had lower mean extent scores (19.6 vs 36.8; P < 0.0001) and lower vessel scores (0.7 v 1.3; P < 0.0001). Although the mean extent score was lower in women than men with myocardial infarction, this was not statistically significant (34.8 vs 41.6 respectively; P = 0.18).ConclusionThere is a marked difference in coronary artery disease severity and burden between females and males presenting for the investigation of suspected angina. Women are more likely to have normal coronary arteries or less severe disease than age-matched men, particularly if they do not present with myocardial infarction.

Risk factors and clinical profile of ischemic heart disease in north India

“…In this study the IHD was found to be more prevalent in males 63% than their female counterparts which is similar to the findings reported in other studies that males are more prone to IHD than females (Beltrame et al, 2009;Bhopal et al, 1999;Chiha et al, 2015;Kinra et al, 2010;Ngian et al, 2012;Yahagi et al, 2015). Test of proportion showed that most of the patients 73% were significantly higher in the age group 61-80 years.…”

Correlation Abnormal Ankle-Brachial Index and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients

“…The similar result from Chiha J, et al, said that women had less severe CAD than men significantly, but not in MI patients. (18) Our hypothesis had been proven in present study that abnormal ABI was an independent risk factor for multivessel CAD and it was associated with more prevalent multivessel CAD in ACS patients (OR 4.83; p=0.021).…”

“…We used lower ABI (more patients would be identified), because it has better sensitivity and it was a good predictor for PAD. (17) Sex (male) had been established in another study to be associated with the presence of multivessel CAD (18), but in our study its statistically significances showed only with another variable in binary logistic regression. This might be Table 3.…”

The radial artery is protective in women and men following coronary artery bypass grafting—a substudy of the radial artery patency study

“…The literature has consistently shown women are more likely to present at an advanced stage of disease with greater severity of symptoms than their male counterparts and with a greater comorbidity burden at the time of surgery (12). The pattern of distribution of coronary artery disease can exhibit marked sex differences with certain higher grade disease patterns seen in women (13).…”