Gender differences in the onset of depression 
following a shared life event: a study of couples

Nazroo, James; Edwards, Angela C.; Brown, George W.

doi:10.1017/s0033291796004187

Cited by 181 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A detailed and critical study of rolebased behaviour promises a major step forward in understanding sex differences in the frequency of affective disorder. Important developments in this area have been reported by Power and his colleagues (Lam & Power, 1991 ;Champion & Power, 1995) and by Nazroo et al (1997). I have set out elsewhere the aspects of roles that are likely to be significant (Bebbington, 1996).…”

Section: Role Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and depression

Bebbington¹

1998

Psychol. Med.

171

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Sex differences in rates of depressive disorder have not been convincingly explained, and this reflects a more general failure of research to provide a comprehensive aetiological account of depression. The difference can be used as a probe for evaluating the research base of integrative models of depressive disorder (e.g. Akiskal & McKinney, 1975). It is particularly likely to be illuminating if the causes of the sex difference do not overlap completely the causes of depression itself. While there have been many reviews in the area (Weissman & Klerman, 1977; Kessler & McRae, 1981; Wolk & Weissman, 1995; Bebbington, 1996), this point has not been adequately expressed.Several lines of investigation are necessary for assessing the relative importance of social, psychological and biological influences: the epidemiological study of macrosocial variables and of age effects; temperament, personality, and attributional and coping styles; the experience of psychosocial adversity; and the possibility of increased susceptibility to some forms of stress in women. Both the tendency to affiliation and the requirement for social support may differ by sex. The particular strains of the roles available to women may increase their risk of depression. Possible genetic explanations of the sex difference are of special relevance because of their implications for biological differences. The latter can also be studied directly: hormonal theories in particular must be evaluated.

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Section: Role Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and depression

Bebbington¹

1998

Psychol. Med.

171

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“…22 In a community sample of couples, Nazroo and researchers found that women were more likely to experience depression after a stressful life event related to children, housing, or reproduction compared to their male partners. 23 As the effect did not hold for other life stressors, the researchers suggested that the association was because of women's increased roles in these areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Transience and Depression: Does the Relationship Exist for Men and Women?

2008

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Residential transience may contribute to adverse mental health. However, to date, this relationship has not been well-investigated among urban, impoverished populations. In a sample of drug users and their social network members (n=1,024), we assessed the relationship between transience (frequently moving in the past 6 months) and depressive symptoms, measured by the CES-D, among men and women. Even after adjusting for homelessness, high levels of depressive symptoms were 2.29 [95%CI= 1.29-4.07] times more likely among transient men compared to nontransient men and 3.30 [95% CI=1.10-9.90] times more common among transient women compared to nontransient women. Stable housing and mental health services need to be available, easily accessible, and designed so that they remain amenable to utilization under transient circumstances.

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“…For example, one British study found that "significant involvement in domestic roles" by men in a household apparently acted as a protective factor against depression when a shared crisis involving "children, housing and reproduction" confronted both members of a couple. When the household was characterized by a pronounced gender-based division of labour, on the other hand, women were five times as likely as men to experience a depressive episode (Nazroo, Edwards and Brown, 1997). Adversities that are related to economic situation constitute another broad category of such situational factors.…”

Section: The Biological Plausibility Of Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%