Gastrointestinal Tract: Intestinal Fatty Acid Metabolism and Implications for Health

Hoyles, Lesley; Wallace, R. J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72473-7_31-1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…In contrast, the presence of the ω 3 fatty acids, α-linolenic acid (ALA) in FO, and its ability to be converted into the more potent ω 3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), may play a role in increasing microbiota diversity observed in HF-FO mice vs. HF mice [ 25 ]. Although it is well known that majority of dietary fats are indeed digested and absorbed in the small intestine, there is evidence that dietary fats, in particular, MUFAs and PUFAs, can indeed enter the large intestine, potentially exerting effects on gut tissue as well as interacting with resident microbiota [ 26 ]. Our data support that this notion in that lipids were extractable from caecum contents of mice and subsequent measurements of TG and TC in stool revealed that diets richer in fats (HF, HF, EVOO, and HF-FO) showed higher levels of these lipids in comparison with mice-fed LF (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolically and immunologically beneficial impact of extra virgin olive and flaxseed oils on composition of gut microbiota in mice

et al. 2019

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Purpose Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and flaxseed oil (FO) contain a variety of constituents beneficial for chronic inflammation and cardio-metabolic derangement. However, little is known about the impact of EVOO and FO on dysbiosis of gut microbiota, intestinal immunity, and barrier. We, therefore, aimed to assess the impact of EVOO and FO on gut microbiota, mucosal immunity, barrier integrity, and metabolic health in mice. Methods C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to a low-fat (LF), lard (HF), high fat-extra virgin olive oil (HF-EVOO), or high fat-flaxseed oil (HF-FO) diet for 10 weeks. Gut microbiota assessment was undertaken using 16S rRNA sequencing. Levels of mRNA for genes involved in intestinal inflammation and barrier maintenance in the intestine and bacterial infiltration in the liver were measured by qPCR. Results HF-EVOO or HF-FO mice showed greater diversity in gut microbiota as well as a lower abundance of the Firmicutes phylum in comparison with HF mice (P < 0.05). The qPCR analyses revealed that mRNA level of FoxP3, a transcription factor, and IL-10, an inducer of regulatory T cells, was significantly elevated in the intestines of mice-fed HF-EVOO in comparison with mice-fed HF (P < 0.05). The mRNA level of the antimicrobial peptide, RegӀӀӀγ, was markedly elevated in the intestines of HF-EVOO and HF-FO compared with HF group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our data suggest that the consumption of EVOO or FO can beneficially impact gut microbiota, enhance gut immunity, and assist in the preservation of metabolic health in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%