Gastrointestinal Manifestations of IgA Vasculitis-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura

Abstract

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis, formerly called Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), is the most common systemic vasculitis in childhood. It is a small-vessel vasculitis mediated by type III hypersensitivity, manifested as rash accompanied by gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, arthritis, and nephritis. The etiology of this disease (a leukocytoclastic vasculitis) is still uncertain, but immune complexes of IgA and unidentified antigens seem to have a central pathogenic role. Most often the diagnosis is established after the clinical examination; it is easy at first glance when the clinical presentation includes the classic tetrad of rash (nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura), arthralgia/arthritis, abdominal pain, and renal manifestations but may be difficult when the gastrointestinal manifestations precede the skin purpuric rash. Gastrointestinal involvement is frequently seen and varies from mild symptoms to severe complications; sometimes the gastrointestinal symptoms (colicky abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding) are the first manifestations of the disease. Immunoglobulin A vasculitis is usually a self-limited disease with a benign course, and the treatment is often symptomatic; in severe cases corticosteroids are necessary.

The Preventative Effects of Procyanidin on Binge Ethanol‐Induced Lipid Accumulation and ROS Overproduction via the Promotion of Hepatic Autophagy

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A Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Case with Clinical Manifestation of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report

“…This disease generally attacks small blood vessels in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and joints. 9 This causes necrosis of the blood vessel walls with extravasation of erythrocytes and tissue infiltration with neutrophils. 8 The etiology of this disease is still unknown, but there are several factors that are thought to trigger it, such as an upper respiratory infection.…”

“…In some cases, symptoms appear 7-14 days after an upper respiratory infection. 9 In addition to infection, drugs can also trigger HSP. Malignancies such as lung and prostate tumours and lymphoma are associated with HSP.…”

“…8 Clinical manifestations of HSP in adults are often atypical, with more severe gastrointestinal manifestations compared to children. 10 9 In most cases, the bleeding that occurs is generally not severe, but there are cases with severe bleeding requiring blood transfusions. 9,13 Patients came with the main complaint of colicky abdominal pain.…”

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