Gastrointestinal Cancer Incidence in East Azerbaijan, Iran: Update on 5 Year Incidence and Trends

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prime causes of mortality around the globe, with a significantly rising incidence in the Middle East region in recent decades. Since detection of CRC in the early stages is an important issue, and also since to date there are no comprehensive epidemiologic studies depicting the Middle East region with special attention to the average risk group, further investigation is of significant necessity in this regard. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the colon in an average risk population. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,208 eligible asymptomatic, average-risk adults older than 40 years of age, referred to Firuzgar Hospotal in the years 2008-2012, were enrolled. They underwent colonoscopy screening and all polypoid lesions were removed and examined by an expert gastrointestinal pathologist. The lesions were classified by size, location, numbers and pathologic findings. Size of lesions was measured objectively by endoscopists. Results: The mean age of participants was 56.5 ± 9.59 and 51.6% were male. The overall polyp detection rate was 199/1208 (16.5 %), 26 subjects having non-neoplastic polyps, including hyperplastic lesions, and 173/1208 (14.3%) having neoplastic polyps, of which 26 (2.15%) were advanced neoplasms .The prevalence of colorectal neoplasia was more common among the 50-59 age group. Advanced adenoma was more frequent among the 60-69 age group. The majority of adenomas were detected in the distal colon, but a quarter of advanced adenomas were found in the proximal colon; advance age and male gender was associated with the presence of adenoma. Conclusions: It seems that CRC screening among average-risk population might be recommended in countries such as Iran. However, sigmioidoscopy alone would miss many colorectal adenomas. Furthermore, the 50-59 age group could be considered as an appropriate target population for this purpose in Iran.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of mortality worldwide, particularly in western countries (Siegel et al, 2012;Ahnen et al, 2014;Somi et al, 2014). CRC is considered the third cause of cancerrelated death in the world (Gupta et al, 2011;Siegel et al, 2012;Baghestani et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Colorectal Polyps in a Group of Subjects at Average-risk of Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Colonoscopic Screening in Tehran, Iran between 2008 and 2013

Sohrabi¹,

Zamani²,

Ajdarkosh³

et al. 2014

“…At present, esophageal cancer ranks the 8th of the incidence of malignant tumors all over the world and patients with esophageal cancer in China takes up more than 50% of the world, with the mobility and cancer related mortality ranking the 4th, highly occurring in Lin County and Anyang City, Hennan Province (Yuan et al, 2014;Malik et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2014;Somi et al, 2014;Zheng et al, 2014). About 50% of patients were found with the advanced period of esophageal cancer when diagnosed, with unfavorable prognosis, about 6~8 months of natural course, 5%~7% five-year survival rate (; Liu et al, 2014;Mai et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2014;Jiang et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014;Stefani et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Observation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Rh-endostatin Combined with DP Regimen in Treating Patients with Advanced Esophageal Cancer

Deng

Song²,

Li³

et al. 2014

Objective: To observe the curative effects of rh-endostatin combined with DP regimen in treating patients with advanced esophageal cancer and analyze the correlation of CT perfusion (CTP) parameters and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Methods: Twenty patients with esophageal cancer confirmed pathologically were randomly divided into combined treatment (rh-endostatin+DP regimen) group and single chemotherapy group, 10 patients in each group, respectively. All patients were given conventional CT examination and CTP imaging for primary tumor. The level of VEGF, the size of tumor and CTP parameters (BF, BV, PS and MTT) before treatment and after 2 cycles of treatment were determined for the comparison and the correlation between CTP parameters and VEGF expression was analyzed. Results: the therapeutic effect of rh-endostatin+DP regimen group was superior to single chemotherapy group. VEGF level after treatment in rhendostatin +DP regimen group was obviously lower than single chemotherapy group (P<0.01). The expression of VEGF had positive correlation with BF and BV but negative correlation with MTT. Compared with treatment before for rh-endostatin +DP regimen group, BF, BV and PS decreased while MTT increased after treatment (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between treatment before and after treatment in single chemotherapy (P>0.05). Conclusions: Rh-endostatin can down-regulate the expression of VEGF in esophageal cancer, change the state of hypertransfusion and high permeability of tumor vessels and had the better curative effect and slighter adverse reactions when combined with chemotherapy.

“…This response is controlled, partly, by regulatory factors that are produced with proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (Tahara, 1993;Oh et al, 2014). In Iran, the most common deadly cancer is gastric adenocarcinoma, which has a wide variation of death rate in southern Iran 3.6 per 100,000 per year as compared to a rate of 8.4 per 100,000 in East Azerbaijan, northern Iran (Fallah, 2007;Atrkar-Roushan et al, 2013;Somi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of p53 Codon 72 and MDM2 SNP309 Polymorphisms on Gastric Cancer Risk among the Iranian Population

Moradi

Salehi²,

Aminian³

et al. 2014

Background: Development of gastric cancer (GC) is a multistep process that requires alterations in the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, occurring over several decades. The p53 tumor suppressor protein is involved in cell-cycle control, apoptosis and DNA repair. One of the most important regulators of p53 is MDM2, which acts as a negative regulator in the p53 pathway. Based on the key role of p53 and MDM2 in tumor suppression, polymorphisms that cause change in their function might affect cancer risk. We therefore elevated associations of the polymorphisms of p53 (R72P) and MDM2 (SNP309) with GC in Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 104 patients with gastric cancer and 100 controls were recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh gastric samples. Genotyping of the p53 and MDM2 genes was performed using allele specific PCR (AS-PCR). Results: There was no significant difference between the p53 codon 72 polymorphism distribution in control and patient groups (p=0.54), but the G allele of MDM2 was found to be over-represented in patients (p=0. 01, Odds Ratio=2. 08, 95% Confidence Interval= 1.37-4.34). Conclusions: The p53 R72P seems not to be a potential risk factor for development of GC among Iranian patients, but our data suggest that MDM2 SNP309 might modify the risk related to GC.