Gastroenteritis Viruses: An Overview

Glass, Roger I.; Bresee, Joseph S.; Jiang, Baoming; Gentsch, Jon R.; Ando, Tamie; Fankhauser, Rebecca L.; Noel, Jacqueline S.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Rosen, B I; Monroe, Stephan S.

doi:10.1002/0470846534.ch2

Cited by 127 publications

(85 citation statements)

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“…astroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, especially in developing countries (1). Annually, an estimated 1 billion cases of acute diarrhea occur in children under the age of 5, causing up to 2.5 million deaths (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Persistent Enteric Murine Norovirus Infection Is Associated with Functionally Suboptimal Virus-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses

Tomov

Osborne

Dolfi

et al. 2013

J Virol

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confidence: 99%

Persistent Enteric Murine Norovirus Infection Is Associated with Functionally Suboptimal Virus-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses

Tomov

Osborne

Dolfi

et al. 2013

J Virol

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“…A large proportion of these infections are viral in nature. In industrialized countries, viral gastroenteritis (GE) is one of the most common diseases in all age groups (15,26). Symptoms may include vomiting and diarrhea, often with secondary infections occurring in contacts of patients.…”

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Etiological Role of Viruses in Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis in The Netherlands from 1994 through 2005

et al. 2007

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Acute gastroenteritis is one of the most common diseases worldwide. In developed countries, viruses, particularly noroviruses, are recognized as the leading cause. In The Netherlands, the surveillance of gastroenteritis outbreaks with suspected viral etiologies (as determined by Kaplan criteria) was established by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment in 1994. This paper presents an overview of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks reported from 1994 through 2005. A minimum epidemiological data set consisting of the associated setting(s), the probable transmission mode, the date of the first illness and the date of sampling, the number of persons affected, and the number of hospitalizations was requested for each reported outbreak. Stool samples were tested for the presence of norovirus, sapovirus, rotavirus, astrovirus, adenovirus, and Aichi virus by electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and/or reverse transcription-PCR. A total of 6,707 stool samples from 941 gastroenteritis outbreaks were investigated. Noroviruses were detected as the causative agent in 735 (78.1%) of the outbreaks, and rotaviruses, adenoviruses, and astroviruses were found to be responsible for 46 (4.9%), 9 (1.0%), and 5 (0.5%) outbreaks, respectively. Among the gastroenteritis outbreaks in which a mode of transmission was identified, most outbreaks (38.1%) were associated with person-to-person transmission, and the majority (54.9%) of the outbreaks investigated were reported by residential institutions. Since 2002, the total number of outbreaks reported and the number of unexplained outbreaks have increased. Furthermore, the number of rotavirus-associated outbreaks has increased, especially in nursing homes. Despite thorough testing, 115 (12.2%) outbreaks suspected of having viral etiologies remain unexplained. Increases in numbers of reported outbreaks may indicate undefined changes in the criteria for reporting or the emergence of new pathogens.

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“…Acute gastroenteritis (AG) is considered a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in humans worldwide (Glass et al 2001). The mortality rate has been estimated in more than three million of persons per year with the majority of deaths occurring in the developing countries ).…”

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Astrovirus infection in children living in the Central West region of Brazil

Santos¹,

Borges²,

Costa

et al. 2007

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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This study presents data regarding the circulation of astrovirus in Goiânia-GO and Brasília-DF. These viruses were detected in fecal samples from hospitalized children up to five years old with and without acute gastroenteritis. A total of 1244 fecal samples were collected in two periods, 1994 to 1996 (Brasília) and 1998, and were analyzed for viral RNA using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)

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Gastroenteritis Viruses: An Overview

Cited by 127 publications

References 0 publications

Persistent Enteric Murine Norovirus Infection Is Associated with Functionally Suboptimal Virus-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses

Persistent Enteric Murine Norovirus Infection Is Associated with Functionally Suboptimal Virus-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses

Etiological Role of Viruses in Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis in The Netherlands from 1994 through 2005

Astrovirus infection in children living in the Central West region of Brazil

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