Gastro-Intestinal Complaints and Endotoxaemia After a Long-Distance Triathlon

Jeukendrup, A. E.; Vet-Joop, K.; Sturk, Augueste; Stegen, Jos H. C. H.; Senden, Joan M.; Saris, W. H. M.; Wagenmakers, Anton J. M.

doi:10.1097/00005768-199905001-00114

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Stress-induced muscle damage may also contribute to inflammation, potentiating increases in IP by inducing tight junction dysfunction (15). Ultimately, the increase in IP is thought to result in mild endotoxemia and inflammation, and contribute to gastrointestinal distress in endurance athletes (4,15,20,24) and possibly military personnel (29). Although gastrointestinal symptoms were not assessed in this study, Li et al (29) reported that 70% of Soldiers participating in a 6-wk combat training course reported gastrointestinal distress symptomology (i.e., abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation), those symptoms were more frequent in Soldiers with the largest increases in IP, and symptoms were associated with psychological decrements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism coincide with increased intestinal permeability in young adults under prolonged physiological stress

Karl

Margolis

Madslien

et al. 2017

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

273

221

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The magnitude, temporal dynamics, and physiological effects of intestinal microbiome responses to physiological stress are poorly characterized. This study used a systems biology approach and a multiple-stressor military training environment to determine the effects of physiological stress on intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic activity, as well as intestinal permeability (IP). Soldiers ( = 73) were provided three rations per day with or without protein- or carbohydrate-based supplements during a 4-day cross-country ski-march (STRESS). IP was measured before and during STRESS. Blood and stool samples were collected before and after STRESS to measure inflammation, stool microbiota, and stool and plasma global metabolite profiles. IP increased 62 ± 57% (mean ± SD, < 0.001) during STRESS independent of diet group and was associated with increased inflammation. Intestinal microbiota responses were characterized by increased α-diversity and changes in the relative abundance of >50% of identified genera, including increased abundance of less dominant taxa at the expense of more dominant taxa such as Changes in intestinal microbiota composition were linked to 23% of metabolites that were significantly altered in stool after STRESS. Together, pre-STRESS Actinobacteria relative abundance and changes in serum IL-6 and stool cysteine concentrations accounted for 84% of the variability in the change in IP. Findings demonstrate that a multiple-stressor military training environment induced increases in IP that were associated with alterations in markers of inflammation and with intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism. Associations between IP, the pre-STRESS microbiota, and microbiota metabolites suggest that targeting the intestinal microbiota could provide novel strategies for preserving IP during physiological stress. Military training, a unique model for studying temporal dynamics of intestinal barrier and intestinal microbiota responses to stress, resulted in increased intestinal permeability concomitant with changes in intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism. Prestress intestinal microbiota composition and changes in fecal concentrations of metabolites linked to the microbiota were associated with increased intestinal permeability. Findings suggest that targeting the intestinal microbiota could provide novel strategies for mitigating increases in intestinal permeability during stress.

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