Gastric Juice N-Nitrosamines in Health and Gastroduodenal Disease

Reed, P I; Haines, Kenneth; Smith, Penny; House, F.R.; Walters, C. L.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(81)90939-9

Cited by 147 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Previous studies have failed to reveal major differences in the bacterial flora of samples of gastric juice from achlorhydric patients with HGG and PA (Dolby et al, 1984;Borriello et al, 1985); however, there was a greater tendency for nitrite to accumulate in the stomachs of HGG patients (Dolby et al, 1984). Nitrite is both a product of bacterial nitrate reduction and a precursor of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds (Reed et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate- and nitrite-reducing bacteria in the achlorhydric stomach

Forsythe

Dolby

Webster

et al. 1988

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary. The microbial composition of samples of gastric juice from eight achlorhydric patients was determined by aerobic and rigorously anaerobic culture techniques. Bacteria from 16 genera were commonly isolated, but representatives of only three genera, (streptococci, neisseriae and haemophili) were isolated from every patient. Nitrate and nitrite were both reduced by veillonellae, haemophili, staphylococci, corynebacteria, lactobacilli, flavobacteria and fusobacteria, but the potential rate of nitrate reduction by suspensions of veillonellae, Haemophilus parainjluenzae and members of the Enterobacteriaceae were up to ten times more rapid than the rate of nitrite reduction. Conversely, although all Neisseria spp. reduced nitrite only some strains reduced nitrate. Streptococci did not reduce nitrate. Streptococcus sanguis reduced nitrite when grown with haematin ; other streptococci did not reduce nitrite. Bacterial nitrate and nitrite reduction were active over the pH range 6-8, similar to thepH range of the achlorhydric stomach.From a knowledge of the composition of the bacterial flora and their potential rates of nitrate and nitrite reduction under prevailing conditions, predictions were made about the tendency of nitrite to accumulate during nitrate reduction. Studies of the transient accumulation of nitrite by mixed cultures of H . parainjluenzae and N . subjlava were consistent with these predictions. Haemophili and veillonellae could be responsible for the accumulation of nitrite in the gastric juice of some patients, whereas streptococci and neisseriae would tend to remove nitrite from the stomach as rapidly as it formed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate- and nitrite-reducing bacteria in the achlorhydric stomach

Forsythe

Dolby

Webster

et al. 1988

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…This "N-nitroso compounds" theory has provided a potential explanation for some geographic regions at a very high risk for gastric cancer [29] . But whether this theory can work as well to interpret the high incidence of gastric cancer in the postgastrectomy patients is still a matter of dispute [30][31][32][33][34] . Although we did not measure the concentrations of N-nitroso compounds directly, the initiating assay can effectively detect the mutagenicity of the whole human reflux juice that may contain various mutagenic or carcinogenic substances inclusive of the N-nitroso compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinogenic potential of duodenal reflux juice from patients with long-standing postgastrectomy

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2001

WJG

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AIM To determine whether study on the carcinogenic potential of reflux juice from patients with remote gastrectomy could clarify the inherent relationship between duodenal reflux and gastric stump cancer. METHODS A total of 37 reflux juice samples (13 BillrothI, 24 BillrothII) were employed in the present study. A two-stage transformation assay using BALB/c 3T3 cells was carried out to test the initiating or promoting activity of these samples. RESULTS Two of 18 (11.1%) reflux samples exerted initiating activities, whereas 9/19 (47. 4%) samples enhanced the MNNG-initiating cell transformation, suggesting the duodenal reflux juice might more frequently possess the tumorpromoter activity (P = 0.029). In addition, there was no difference in initiating activities of the samples irrespective of surgical procedures (P = 0.488), while Billroth II samples exhibited stronger tumor-promoter activity than Billroth I samples (P = 0.027). Furthermore, the promoter activities were well correlated with the histological changes of the stomas (r s = 0.625, P = 0.004), but neither their cytotoxicities nor initiating activities had this correlation (Probabilities were 0.523 and 0.085, respectively

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“…Amino Maga, 1978;Smith, 1981). One exception is fish, where up to 740 pprn dimethylamine (Singer & Lijinsky, 1976) and 1400 pprn trimethylamine (Maga, 1978) have been reported in some samples.…”

Section: Dieta Y Occurrence Of Precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and nitrosamine formation

Challis

1985

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Gastric Juice N-Nitrosamines in Health and Gastroduodenal Disease

Cited by 147 publications

References 17 publications

Nitrate- and nitrite-reducing bacteria in the achlorhydric stomach

Nitrate- and nitrite-reducing bacteria in the achlorhydric stomach

Carcinogenic potential of duodenal reflux juice from patients with long-standing postgastrectomy

Nutrition and nitrosamine formation

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