Gastric emptying of liquid in children suffering from acute rotaviral gastroenteritis.

Bardhan, Pradip Kumar; Salam, M A; Molla, A

doi:10.1136/gut.33.1.26

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We suggest that broken gut barrier might closely be related to longstandinging inflammatory environment in gut mucosa. Many other functional gastrointestinal disorders develop after acute infection 21-23. Furthermore, inflammatory response can affect neural and motor functions, consequently inducing hypersensitivity or irritability 24.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Immunoendocrine Cells in Intestinal Mucosa of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients 3 Years after Acute Shigella Infection - An Observation in a Small Case Control Study

et al. 2010

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PurposePostinfectiously irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) develops in 3-30% of individuals with bacterial gastroenteritis. Recent studies demonstrated increases in inflammatory components in gut mucosa of PI-IBS patients even after complete resolution of infection. We aimed to investigate histological changes in colon and rectum of PI-IBS subjects after long term period of infection.Materials and MethodsWe recruited PI-IBS subjects who had been diagnosed IBS after complete resolution of enteritis caused by shigellosis outbreak 3 years earlier. We compared unmatched four groups, PI-IBS (n = 4), non PI-IBS (n = 7), D-IBS (n = 7, diarrhea predominant type) and healthy controls (n = 10). All of them underwent colonoscopic biopsy at three areas, including descending colon (DC), sigmoid colon (SC) and rectum, which were assessed for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)/peptide YY (PYY)-containing enterochromaffin (EC) cell, intraepithelial (IEL) and lamina propria T lymphocyte (CD3), CD8 lymphocytes, mast cells and CD68/calprotectin+ macrophages.ResultsAll subjects had no structural or gross abnormalities at colonoscopy. In PI-IBS, 5-HT containing EC cells, PYY containing EC cells, IELs, CD3 lymphocytes, CD8 lymphocytes, mast cells, and CD68 + macrophages were increased compared to control (p < 0.05). In D-IBS, PYY containing EC cells, IELs, and CD3 lymphocytes were increased compared to control (p < 0.05). In PI-IBS, 5-HT containing EC cells tended to increase and PYY containing EC cells, CD8 lymphocytes, mast cells, and CD68+ macrophages were increased compared to non PI-IBS (p < 0.05). Calprotectin + marcrophages were decreased in PI-IBS, non PI-IBS and IBS compared to control.ConclusionThe immunoendocrine cells were sporadically increased in PI-IBS, non PI-IBS and D-IBS compared with control. Our findings in a very small number of patients suggest that mucosal inflammation may play a role in long-term PI-IBS, and that other sub-groups of IBS and larger scale studies are needed to confirm this observation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Immunoendocrine Cells in Intestinal Mucosa of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients 3 Years after Acute Shigella Infection - An Observation in a Small Case Control Study

et al. 2010

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“…Infection with rotavirus causes overt gastrointestinal symptoms in both young children and mouse pups while usually causing no visible signs of infection in adult humans or mice 5, 6. Also, impaired gastric function has been reported in children who have been infected with rotavirus 17, 18 . In vivo imaging of rotavirus infected mouse pups not only provides evidence that an acute rotavirus infection impairs gastric function in the very young, but also provides a method to further investigate how an infection with rotavirus alters in vivo gastric function in the very young.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Fluoroscopy to Study In Vivo Motility in Mouse Pups

Williams

Koyama

Schulz

et al. 2011

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Few methods exist to non-invasively study in vivo gastrointestinal motility in animal models of enteric infections. None have been used on mouse pups who often display more severe symptoms during enteric infections than adult mice. This study sought to determine if digital fluoroscopy could be used to evaluate gastrointestinal motility in mouse pups as well as adult mice. Fluoroscopic imaging studies were performed on normal 6-8 week old adult mice and 12 day old pups to develop protocols for evaluating gastric and intestinal wall movements and changes in stomach sizes. These protocols were then applied to evaluate motility in an established rotavirus mouse model. Imaging studies were performed on adult mice at 0, 2, and 4 days post infection and on 12 day old pups at 2 days post infection. Fluoroscopic studies revealed postnatal differences of gastric peristalsis and rates of intestinal contractions between normal mouse pups and adult mice. Studies of the rotavirus mouse model revealed that differences in gastric function occur between rotavirus infected and control mouse pups but no discernible difference occurs between infected and control adult mice. In contrast, there were no detectable differences in rates of intestinal wall movements between control pups with normal stools and infected pups with loose stools. These results demonstrate that fluoroscopy can evaluate in vivo motility in mouse pups and by doing so provide findings that are clinically relevant to the study of enteric infections in young.

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“…In addition, rotavirus infection is associated with delayed gastric emptying 64 . Gastric emptying is thought to be mainly a function of the pressure gradient between the stomach and the duodenum, which is influenced by poorly characterized neural and hormonal receptors in the duodenum and upper jejunum.…”

Section: Mechanisms/pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infection

Crawford

Ramani

Tate

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

526

558

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Rotavirus infections are a leading cause of severe, dehydrating gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age. Despite the global introduction of vaccinations for rotavirus over a decade ago, rotavirus infections still result in >200,000 deaths annually, mostly in low-income countries. Rotavirus primarily infects enterocytes and induces diarrhoea through the destruction of absorptive enterocytes (leading to malabsorption), intestinal secretion stimulated by rotavirus non-structural protein 4 and activation of the enteric nervous system. In addition, rotavirus infections can lead to antigenaemia (which is associated with more severe manifestations of acute gastroenteritis) and viraemia, and rotavirus can replicate in systemic sites, although this is limited. Reinfections with rotavirus are common throughout life, although the disease severity is reduced with repeat infections. The immune correlates of protection against rotavirus reinfection and recovery from infection are poorly understood, although rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin A has a role in both aspects. The management of rotavirus infection focuses on the prevention and treatment of dehydration, although the use of antiviral and anti-emetic drugs can be indicated in some cases.

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Gastric emptying of liquid in children suffering from acute rotaviral gastroenteritis.

Abstract: Nausea and vomiting commonly occur in children suffering from rotaviral diarrhoea. Gastric emptying was studied in 10 children (

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Increased Immunoendocrine Cells in Intestinal Mucosa of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients 3 Years after Acute Shigella Infection - An Observation in a Small Case Control Study

Increased Immunoendocrine Cells in Intestinal Mucosa of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients 3 Years after Acute Shigella Infection - An Observation in a Small Case Control Study

Use of Fluoroscopy to Study In Vivo Motility in Mouse Pups

Rotavirus infection

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