Gastric bypass surgery for obesity decreases the reward value of a sweet-fat stimulus as assessed in a progressive ratio task

Miras, Alexander D.; Jackson, Robert N; Jackson, Sue; Goldstone, Anthony P.; Olbers, Torsten; Hackenberg, Timothy D.; Spector, Alan C.; Roux, Carel W. le

doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.036921

Cited by 147 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In contrast, no change was observed when vegetables were offered. It was concluded that surgery-related behavioral changes were likely due to a better evaluation of the hedonic value of highly palatable foods (135).…”

Section: A Obesity Is Associated With a Neurovulnerability Of The "Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In obese subjects, dietary restriction reduced the spontaneous consumption of foods high in fat (48), while patients with a gastric bypass find fatty meals less pleasant (136). The effectiveness of bariatric surgery is partly due to a selective reduction in the reward value of palatable foods both in humans and rodents (107,135,191). To date, effect of the reduction of fat mass on oral fat detection remains poorly documented.…”

Section: Effect Of Fat Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality?

Besnard

Passilly-Degrace

Khan

2016

Physiological Reviews

193

167

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An attraction for palatable foods rich in lipids is shared by rodents and humans. Over the last decade, the mechanisms responsible for this specific eating behavior have been actively studied, and compelling evidence implicates a taste component in the orosensory detection of dietary lipids [i.e., long-chain fatty acids (LCFA)], in addition to textural, olfactory, and postingestive cues. The interactions between LCFA and specific receptors in taste bud cells (TBC) elicit physiological changes that affect both food intake and digestive functions. After a short overview of the gustatory pathway, this review brings together the key findings consistent with the existence of a sixth taste modality devoted to the perception of lipids. The main steps leading to this new paradigm (i.e., chemoreception of LCFA in TBC, cell signaling cascade, transfer of lipid signals throughout the gustatory nervous pathway, and their physiological consequences) will be critically analyzed. The limitations to this concept will also be discussed in the light of our current knowledge of the sense of taste. Finally, we will analyze the recent literature on obesity-related dysfunctions in the orosensory detection of lipids ("fatty" taste?), in relation to the overconsumption of fat-rich foods and the associated health risks.

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Section: A Obesity Is Associated With a Neurovulnerability Of The "Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Fat Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality?

Besnard

Passilly-Degrace

Khan

2016

Physiological Reviews

193

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The undeniable success of bariat- bariatric procedure, adjustable gastric banding (AGB), RYGBP patients appeared to exhibit a shift in sweetness palatability from pleasant to unpleasant (43). Similarly, RYGBP was again found to be associated with a shift in tastes from high reward value to low reward value in a study using a progressive task ratio paradigm (44). However, it remains unclear whether this shift in palatability actually affects eating behavior and food selection (43,45).…”

Section: Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: effects on feeding behavior and underlying mechanisms

Manning¹,

Pucci²,

Batterham³

2015

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Miras et al (89) recently tested the willingness of RYGB patients before and after surgery to "work" for sweet and fatty candies in a so-called progressive ratio test (89); individuals had to produce increasing numbers of mouse clicks on a computer to obtain the candy reward, and the results were then compared with normal-weight controls. Interestingly, RYGB patients were much less willing to work for the reward after the operation, and this reduction appeared to be more pronounced in patients with a bigger body mass index loss.…”

Section: Role Of Conditioned Taste Aversion In Reduced Fat Preferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mouse clicking for a nonfat, nonsweet vegetable candy was not affected. In other words, the reward value after RYGB was reduced selectively for the sweet and fat reward (89).…”

Section: Role Of Conditioned Taste Aversion In Reduced Fat Preferencementioning

confidence: 99%

The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report

Lutz

Bueter

2014

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Lutz TA, Bueter M. The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 307: R1275-R1291, 2014. First published September 24, 2014 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00185.2014.-Obesity and its related comorbidities can be detrimental for the affected individual and challenge public health systems worldwide. Currently, the only available treatment options leading to clinically significant and maintained body weight loss and reduction in obesity-related morbidity and mortality are based on surgical interventions. This review will focus on two main clinical effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), namely body weight loss and change in eating behavior. Animal experiments designed to understand the underlying physiological mechanisms of these post-gastric bypass effects will be discussed. Where appropriate, reference will also be made to vertical sleeve gastrectomy. While caloric malabsorption and mechanical restriction seem not to be major factors in this respect, alterations in gut hormone levels are invariably found after RYGB. However, their causal role in RYGB effects on eating and body weight has recently been challenged. Other potential factors contributing to the RYGB effects include increased bile acid concentrations and an altered composition of gut microbiota. RYGB is further associated with remarkable changes in preference for different dietary components, such as a decrease in the preference for high fat or sugar. It needs to be noted, however, that in many cases, the question about the necessity of these alterations for the success of bariatric surgery procedures remains unanswered.Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; vertical sleeve gastrectomy; gut hormones; restriction; malabsorption; energy expenditure THE OBESITY EPIDEMIC AND ITS related comorbidities constitute a major challenge for both personal health and public health systems worldwide. The enormous increase in knowledge about the physiological mechanisms that control eating and body weight contrasts with the lack of available pharmacological therapies leading to safe, efficient, and long-lasting body weight reductions and amelioration of obesity-related comorbidities. However, recent insights into underlying mechanisms of obesity and bariatric surgery have led to promising perspectives in respect to gut hormone-based strategies against obesity. Nevertheless, best results for maintained weight reduction and improvement of comorbidities are still achieved by surgical means (22,88,121,135,136). This review aims to summarize key findings in respect to underlying physiological mechanisms of the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure, which is the most commonly performed bariatric operation worldwide and thus, by many is considered as the gold standard in bariatric surgery. Sporadic reference will also be made to vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) when appropriate. Both operations reduce eating at least temporarily (19,140,143) and lead to changes in food preferences (20,27,72). The majority of data collected with...

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Gastric bypass surgery for obesity decreases the reward value of a sweet-fat stimulus as assessed in a progressive ratio task

Abstract: Gastric bypass surgery resulted in the selective reduction of the reward value of a sweet and fat tastant. This application of the progressive ratio task provided an objective and reliable evaluation of taste-driven motivated behavior for food stimuli after obesity surgery.

Cited by 147 publications

References 42 publications

Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality?

Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality?

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: effects on feeding behavior and underlying mechanisms

The physiology underlying Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a status report

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