Gaseous compounds and efflorescences generated in self-heating coal-waste dumps — A case study from the Upper and Lower Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)

Comparative mineralogical study of thermally-altered coal-dump waste, natural rocks and the products of laboratory heating experiments

“…Research already performed on USCB material includes studies of the heating itself (e.g., Wagner, 1980), transformations of organic matter (Misz-Kennan and Fabiańska, 2011) and mineralogy (Ciesielczuk, 2008;Ciesielczuk et al, 2010;Kruszewski, 2006Kruszewski, , 2009Kruszewski, , 2013Kruszewski, 2009, 2010) and gas-phase chemistry (Fabiańska et al, 2013). In contrast, data on the mineralogy of LSCB dumps is limited (Fabiańska et al, 2013;Kruszewski et al, 2012;Wielogórski et al, 1975).…”

Environmental Protection in Industrial Areas and Applying Thermal Analysis to Coal Dumps

“…It has been estimated that fire-susceptible surfaces of coal dumps constitutes 2.5% of total coal dump surface area [5][6]. At the same time, it has to be stated that in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin area there are 220 coal dumps [7][8][9][10].…”

Field identification of minerals at burning coal dumps using miniature Raman spectrometers

“…Various oxides and silicates may occur in active burning zones as the result of thermal alteration at temperatures exceeding 1000 °C . Numerous volatile compounds including H 2 O, N 2 , CO 2 , CO, NH 3 , H 2 S, SO 2 , HCN, H 2 , as well as As, F, Cl, methane, and other hydrocarbons are released by the thermal decomposition of the coal mass, sulfides, and sedimentary rocks . At the surface, some minerals directly crystallize from the gases via a complex chain of reactions at temperatures ranging from 50 to 500 °C .…”