Gas Migration Episodes Observed During Peridotite Alteration in the Samail Ophiolite, Oman

Aiken, John M.; Sohn, Robert A.; Renard, F.; Matter, Juerg M.; Kelemen, P. B.; Jamtveit, Bjørn

doi:10.1029/2022gl100395

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However this is not the case (ρ = −0.0225). These fracture networks must act as fluid pathways given adequate fluid pressures, and this fluid motion is detected acoustically in BA1B (Aiken et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease in the extent of peridotite alteration with depth may suggest that significant peridotite alteration in the region has been relatively young, within the last 50,000 years . H 2 and CH 4 outgassing have previously been detected in the Oman boreholes and are possible products of ongoing peridotite alteration Aiken et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…BA1B is one of three boreholes from the active alteration zone (BA) site, which targets alteration at temperatures <50 °C. It is of specific interest because it is one of the boreholes instrumented with hydrophones (Aiken et al, 2022) which could provide direct evidence of ongoing seismic activity due to reaction driven cracking. The cores recovered from BA1B consist of ∼55% harzburgite, ∼35% dunite, and ∼10% mafic dykes and alluvium.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A framework for an AI pipeline for borehole data

Aiken,

Dufournet,

Amiri

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Researchers analyzing data collected from borehole drilling projects can face dozens of terabytes of seismic, hydrologic, geologic, and rock mechanics data, including complex imagery, physical measurements, and expert-written reports. These diverse data sets play a pivotal role in understanding solid Earth processes. Ingesting and analyzing such data presents a colossal challenge that typically demands a team of experts and large amounts of time. The utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning emerges as a compelling approach to help tackle the volume and complexity of drilling data. This paper presents an AI-based pipeline for ingesting data from the Oman Drilling Project’s Multi-borehole Observatory. The study focuses on the alteration of peridotite core segments taken from Borehole BA1B, utilizing a catboost classification model trained on an integrated data set of machine learning segmented core images, physical measurements, geological, lithographic data, and AI-summarized expert texts and feature selection. This paper’s central objective is to establish a repeatable, efficient pattern for processing such multifaceted borehole data through connecting fracture networks detected in the borehole BA1B imagery to the host rock alteration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A framework for an AI pipeline for borehole data

Aiken,

Dufournet,

Amiri

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…However, in many porous systems, several fluid phases, including water, gas, and different immiscible fluids, coexist in the pore space (Blunt, 2017; Holtzman et al., 2020; Zhao et al., 2016). Dispersion in such multiphase flows affects several important processes, including contaminant and nutrient transport in soils and catchments (e.g., Kirchner et al., 2000; Sebilo et al., 2013), brine and nutrient transport in snow and sea ice (e.g., Golden, 2001; Waldner et al., 2004), CO 2 sequestration in geological reservoirs (e.g., Szulczewski et al., 2012; Zheng et al., 2017), underground hydrogen storage (Lysyy et al., 2022; Tarkowski, 2019), and solute dispersion in gas seepage sites (e.g., Aiken et al., 2022; Scandella et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Fluid Connectivity Controls Solute Dispersion in Multiphase Porous Media Flow

Mathiesen,

Linga,

Misztal

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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Solute transport in multiphase flow through porous media plays a central role in many natural systems and geoengineering applications. The interplay between fluid flow and capillary forces leads to transient flow dynamics and phase distributions. However, it is not known how such dynamic flow affects the dispersion of transported species. Here, we use highly resolved numerical simulations of immiscible two‐phase flow to investigate dispersion in multiphase flows. We show that repeated activation and deactivation of different flow pathways under the effect of capillary forces accelerates the spreading of solutes compared to single phase flow. We establish the transport laws under dynamic multiphase flows by linking the dispersion coefficient to the Bond number, the ratio of the force driving the flow and the surface tension. Our results determine the controlling factors for solute dispersion in porous media, opening a range of applications for understanding and controlling transport in porous geological systems.

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The role of geophysics in geologic hydrogen resources

Zhang,

2024

Journal of Geophysics and Engineering

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Transition to cleaner energy sources is crucial for reducing carbon emissions to zero. Among these new clean energy types, there is a growing awareness of the potential for naturally occurring geologic hydrogen (H2) as a primary energy resource that can be readily introduced into the existing energy supply. It is anticipated that geophysics will play a critical role in such endeavors. There are two major different types of geologic H2. One is natural H2 (referred to as gold H2), which is primarily accumulating naturally in reservoirs in certain geological setting; and the other is stimulated H2 (referred to as orange H2), which is produced artificially from source rocks through chemical and physical stimulations. We will first introduce geophysics in geologic H2 in comparison and contrast to the scenarios of blue and green H2. We will then discuss the significance of geophysics in both natural H2 and stimulated H2 in term of both exploration and monitoring tools. Comparing and contrasting the current geophysical tools in hydrocarbon exploration and production, we envision the innovative geophysical technologies and strategies for geologic H2 resources based on our current understanding of both natural and stimulated geologic hydrogen systems. The strategies for H2 exploration will involve a shift from reservoir-centered to source rock-centered approaches. Lastly, we believe that the geophysical methods including integration of multi-geophysics, efficient data acquisition, and machine learning in geologic H2 could be potentially provide sufficient new directions and significant opportunities to pursue research for the next one or two decades.

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Gas Migration Episodes Observed During Peridotite Alteration in the Samail Ophiolite, Oman

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

A framework for an AI pipeline for borehole data

A framework for an AI pipeline for borehole data

Dynamic Fluid Connectivity Controls Solute Dispersion in Multiphase Porous Media Flow

The role of geophysics in geologic hydrogen resources

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