Gamma Ray, Electron Beam, and X-ray Irradiation

Fan, Xuetong; Niemira, Brendan A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42660-6_18

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The NR films made from UV prevulcanized rubber have a tensile strength comparable to the sulfur‐cured films, passing the standard specifications ASTM D3578‐19 8,9 . Other types of radiation (gamma rays, electron beams) in combination with a suitable coagent may be used for prevulcanization, but UV irradiation is simple, inexpensive and does not need the stringent safety measures that the other radiation‐based methods require 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…8,9 Other types of radiation (gamma rays, electron beams) in combination with a suitable coagent may be used for prevulcanization, but UV irradiation is simple, inexpensive and does not need the stringent safety measures that the other radiation-based methods require. 10 Although thiol coagents are effective for prevulcanizing NR latex via UV irradiation, they are difficult to use because of their unpleasant odor and poor storage stability. 11 The thiols-associated problems can be avoided by using a diacrylate coagent, although the resulting films have a low tensile strength ($12 MPa).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Compositing prevulcanized natural rubber with multiwalled carbon nanotubes to make antistatic films

Wiroonpochit

Keawmaungkom

Chisti

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural rubber was prevulcanized using ultraviolet (UV) light and the resulting prevulcanized natural rubber (PVNR) was composited with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as a conductive filler, to make films suitable for antistatic gloves.These films were characterized in terms of mechanical properties and electrical resistivity. Effects of type of UV radiation and other specifics of the production process, on mechanical properties of neat PVNR were first investigated. This was followed by an investigation of the effects of surfactant type on the dispersion of MWCNT in water and the PVNR matrix. Four surfactants with different headgroups were used in preparing MWCNT dispersions that were then mixed with the PVNR latex to form the different films. As a consequence of its milk-like turbidity, the natural rubber latex was found to require deeply penetrating UVA light for satisfactory prevulcanization.Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was the best surfactant for dispersing MWCNT both in water and in PVNR matrix. SDS resulted in MWCNT-PVNR composite films with the least electrical resistivity and good mechanical properties for making antistatic gloves.SDS did not interfere with stress transfer at NR-MWCNT interface. SDS was superior to the other surfactants because its head group had a charge opposite to that on the NR surface and lacked a benzene ring that would have interacted strongly with the hydrophobic surface of MWCNT.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositing prevulcanized natural rubber with multiwalled carbon nanotubes to make antistatic films

Wiroonpochit

Keawmaungkom

Chisti

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the specific case of tomatoes, several studies found that the use of irradiation treatment using different radiation sources could inactivate Salmonella on tomatoes and even extend the shelf life (Guerreiro et al, 2016; Gyimah et al, 2020; Mahmoud, 2010; Mendes et al, 2020; Prakash et al, 2007; Schmidt et al, 2006; Singh et al, 2016). However, irradiation with electron beams has limited penetration ability, with only 3.8 cm in meat and even less in fresh produce (Fan & Niemira, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DUR is the ratio of maximum‐to‐minimum absorbed dose and this value should be close to 1.0 to ensure uniform dose distribution within the sample (Moreira et al, 2012). Most of the studies on e‐beam irradiation of fresh produce do not consider the effect of this factor on inactivation and product quality results (Fan & Niemira, 2020), although they usually report the DUR of their accelerator. DUR reported values range from 1.2 to 3.0.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, most medium‐level doses (between 1 and 10 kGy) are not suitable for pathogen decontamination of fresh produce (Pillai & Shayanfar, 2015). As lower doses must be used for irradiation treatment of fresh produce, the emphasis on radiosensitization strategies has increased (Fan & Niemira, 2020; Gomes et al, 2011a, 2011b; Tawema et al, 2016).

H_{2} normalO \overset{⟶}{true} ([], 0.28) \cdot OH goodbreak+ ([], 0.27) e_{aq}^{-} goodbreak+ ([], 0.06) \cdot normalH goodbreak+ ([], 0.07) H_{2} O_{2} goodbreak+ ([], 0.27) H_{3} normalO goodbreak+ ([], 0.05) H_{2}

Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a powerful oxidizer and hydroxyl radicals can be produced via H 2 O 2 in aqueous solution using irradiation without increasing the radiation dose (Stefan, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Integrated electron beam irradiation treatment with hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution to inactivate Salmonella on grape tomatoes

Omac

Moreira

Castell‐Perez

2022

J Food Process Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the efficacy of integrated electron beam (e‐beam) irradiation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) aqueous solution treatments to inactivate mixed strains of Salmonella inoculated in grape tomatoes. Whole grape tomatoes were inoculated with a mixed bacterial cocktail composed of five strains of Salmonella enterica corresponding to serotypes Rissen (SAL1449), Montevideo (SAL4599), Saintpaul (476398), and Typhimurium (ATCC 13311 and ATCC 700720), dried in a biological safety cabinet for 2 h at room temperature and then stored at 4°C for 24 h to facilitate bacterial attachment before treatment. Tomatoes in H2O2 (60 mg/L) aqueous solution were irradiated at 0.45, 0.60, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25 kGy dose. The combined treatment of 1.0 kGy radiation dose and 60 mg/L H2O2 achieved 4‐log reductions in Salmonella. The D10−average value of Salmonella in the present study was 0.25 ± 0.01 kGy. Regarding the effect of the treatment on tomato quality, the combined application of e‐beam up to 1.25 kGy and H2O2 (60 mg/L) did not affect (p > .05) the color and texture of grape tomatoes compared to non‐irradiated samples. Furthermore, the combined treatments of e‐beam and H2O2 aqueous solution reduced the dose uniformity ratio (DUR) by 7%, a relevant finding regarding commercial applications of electron beam accelerators. Exposure of the tomatoes to e‐beam and water wash with added H2O2 is a promising decontamination system for use in tomatoes and other produce processing. Further studies on the optimization of this integrated treatment are needed. Practical Applications Electron beam irradiation of tomatoes immersed in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution reduces the dose required to eliminate pathogens in the fresh produce. The integrated treatment ensures minimal changes to produce quality and increased treatment efficiency in terms of dose uniformity.

show abstract

Gamma Irradiation

Fan

Niemira

2021

Electromagnetic Technologies in Food Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gamma Ray, Electron Beam, and X-ray Irradiation

Cited by 22 publications

References 45 publications

Compositing prevulcanized natural rubber with multiwalled carbon nanotubes to make antistatic films

Compositing prevulcanized natural rubber with multiwalled carbon nanotubes to make antistatic films

Integrated electron beam irradiation treatment with hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution to inactivate Salmonella on grape tomatoes

Gamma Irradiation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About