G protein regulator 1 (GPR‐1) localizes to cortical sites of artificial mechanical indentation in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> zygotes

Bringmann, Henrik

doi:10.1002/cm.21066

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In C. elegans, microtubule-based pulling forces are controlled by a ternary complex consisting of G alpha proteins, LIN-5, and G-protein regulator 1 and 2 (GPR-1/2), which are two nearly identical regulators. GPR-1/2 has been shown to be required for force generation and potentially also force sensing to achieve spindle positioning and cytokinesis [6][7][8][9][10][11] . The concentrations of GPR-1/2 are crucial determinants for microtubule-based pulling forces, as GPR-1 knockdown leads to reduced forces and GPR-1 overexpression leads to increased pulling forces in a dose-dependent manner 12,13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Engineered non-Mendelian inheritance of entire parental genomes in C. elegans

Besseling

Bringmann

2016

Nat Biotechnol

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The ability to rewrite the rules of genetic segregation would open new possibilities in diverse areas of biotechnology ranging from breeding to epigenetics. Here we engineer non-Mendelian inheritance of the entire maternal or paternal genome in Caenorhabditis elegans by changing the structure of the mitotic spindle during the first cell division of the zygote. Using germline-specific overexpression of a single protein, the conserved microtubule force regulator GPR-1, we increase forces that pull on spindle poles to convert the single bipolar mitotic spindle to two monopolar spindles. This generates two-cell embryos in which one cell contains only the maternal chromosomes and the other cell contains only the paternal chromosomes. As the embryo develops, each cell of the animal, including the germ cells, contains the genetic material of only one parent, resulting in hybrid F1 animals. Progeny of these animals (F2) inherit either only F0 maternal or only F0 paternal chromosomes, and thus descend from only either of their grandparents' gametes.

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confidence: 99%

Engineered non-Mendelian inheritance of entire parental genomes in C. elegans

Besseling

Bringmann

2016

Nat Biotechnol

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“…A special class of MAPs, which connect cMTs and PM, is very important for PC shape formation (Bringmann, 2012; Liu et al, 2016; Sugiyama et al, 2017; Oda, 2018). These MAPs sense the cell wall components, hormones, and polarized PM signaling in shaping the interlocking PCs (Barton et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

IQ67 DOMAIN protein 21 is critical for indentation formation in pavement cell morphogenesis

Feng

Pan

et al. 2023

JIPB

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In plants, cortical microtubules anchor to the plasma membrane in arrays and play important roles in cell shape. However, the molecular mechanism of microtubule binding proteins, which connect the plasma membrane and cortical microtubules in cell morphology remains largely unknown. Here, we report that a plasma membrane and microtubule dual‐localized IQ67 domain protein, IQD21, is critical for cotyledon pavement cell (PC) morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. iqd21 mutation caused increased indentation width, decreased lobe length, and similar lobe number of PCs, whereas IQD21 overexpression had a different effect on cotyledon PC shape. Weak overexpression led to increased lobe number, decreased indentation width, and similar lobe length, while moderate or great overexpression resulted in decreased lobe number, indentation width, and lobe length of PCs. Live‐cell observations revealed that IQD21 accumulation at indentation regions correlates with lobe initiation and outgrowth during PC development. Cell biological and genetic approaches revealed that IQD21 promotes transfacial microtubules anchoring to the plasma membrane via its polybasic sites and bundling at the indentation regions in both periclinal and anticlinal walls. IQD21 controls cortical microtubule organization mainly through promoting Katanin 1‐mediated microtubule severing during PC interdigitation. These findings provide the genetic evidence that transfacial microtubule arrays play a determinant role in lobe formation, and the insight into the molecular mechanism of IQD21 in transfacial microtubule organization at indentations and puzzle‐shaped PC development.

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“…) (Gusnowski and Srayko, ). GPR‐1 is also known to sense and respond to the mechanical properties of the cortex, which may be important for its role in spindle positioning (Bringmann, ). Laser‐severing experiments have additionally shown that the pulling forces in the posterior end of the cell are stronger than those found in the anterior, resulting in spindle displacement from a central location (Grill et al, ; reviewed in Gillies and Cabernard, ).…”

Section: The C Elegans Embryo: a Model For Polarity‐dependent Spindlmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to be at the right place at the right time: The importance of spindle positioning in embryos

Moorhouse

Burgess

2014

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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SUMMARYSpindle positioning is an imperative cellular process that regulates a number of different developmental events throughout embryogenesis. The spindle must be properly positioned in embryos not only for the segregation of chromosomes, but also to segregate developmental determinants into different daughter blastomeres. In this review, the role of spindle positioning is explored in several different developmental model systems, which have revealed the diversity of factors that regulate spindle positioning. The C. elegans embryo, the Drosophila neuroblast, and ascidian embryos have all been utilized for the study of polarity-dependent spindle positioning, and exploration of the proteins that are required for asymmetric cell division. Work in the sea urchin embryo has examined the influence of cell shape and factors that affect secondary furrow formation. The issue of size scaling in extremely large cells, as well as the requirement for spindle positioning in developmental fate decisions in vertebrates, has been addressed by work in the Xenopus embryo. Further work in mouse oocytes has examined the roles of actin and myosin in spindle positioning. The data generated from these model organisms have made unique contributions to our knowledge of spindle positioning. Future work will address how all of these different factors work together to regulate the position of the spindle. Spindles play an important role in embryos as their location within the cell has a significant impact on subsequent development.

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G protein regulator 1 (GPR‐1) localizes to cortical sites of artificial mechanical indentation in Caenorhabditis elegans zygotes

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Engineered non-Mendelian inheritance of entire parental genomes in C. elegans

Engineered non-Mendelian inheritance of entire parental genomes in C. elegans

IQ67 DOMAIN protein 21 is critical for indentation formation in pavement cell morphogenesis

How to be at the right place at the right time: The importance of spindle positioning in embryos

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