Fuzzy Logic-Based Geographic Routing Protocol for Dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks

Hu, Xing; Ma, Lifeng; Ding, Yuehua; Jiang, Xu; Li, Yan; Ma, Shiping

doi:10.3390/s19010196

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…FLGR is composed of three phases-it starts by determining the next forwarding nodes on the basis of the fuzzy location region of the receiver node. Next, the best Hu et al [44] proposed a novel fuzzy logic-based geographical routing (FLGR) protocol to enhance routing overhead, void, and location accuracy problems. FLGR proposes a novel-forwarding mode based on the fuzzy location region of the receiver node and void avoidance scheme, being a fuzzy logic system that is capable of choosing the routes with a lower number of hops and with high packet delivery ratio.…”

Section: Fuzzy Logic-based Routing Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different fuzzy logic strategies have been utilized by the survey algorithms. FEARM [43] utilized different parameters such as link quality, energy consumption, physical distance, and available buffer, whereas FLGR [44] did not employ physical distance parameter. On the other hand, new and colony optimization routing [45], TTDFP [46], and LPO [47] focused on identifying cluster head based on different parameters.…”

Section: Fuzzy Logic-based Routing Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Potential of Fuzzy Logic for Solving the Challenges of Cooperative Multi-Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2019

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Wireless sensor networks have recently been widely used in several applications and scenarios, especially because they have the ability and flexibility for establishing a scalable and reliable wireless network. Cooperative multi-robotic systems (CMRS) are one example of these applications where establishing a wireless network between robots is essential and paramount to their operation. Further, these robots can utilize their mobility to provide sensing functionality for areas that are not covered by the static sensor. This can be achieved by equipping the robots with specific sensors to sense the area of interest (AoI) and report the sensed data to a remote monitoring center for further processing and decision-making. However, the nodes that form the sensor network have limited energy, and, as such, efficient algorithms in clusters’ formation, packets’ routing, and energy and mobility management are paramount. In this paper, a literature survey is presented containing the most related works that have been proposed to solve these challenges utilizing fuzzy logic. Most of the literature work attempted to utilize a de-centralized approach, where certain input parameters such as the residual energy, communication link quality, network congestion status, the nodes’ distance to the sink node and its location with respect to the other nodes, and the data and their sampling rate are all used as inputs to the fuzzy logic controller. These input parameters are used to determine several performance vital factors such as the cluster formation and its cluster head, best route to the sink node, optimal power management policies in terms of sleep/awake times needed to maximize the network lifetime, nodes’ mobility management policies to maintain network connectivity, and best route in terms of packet loss and delay.

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Section: Fuzzy Logic-based Routing Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuzzy Logic-based Routing Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Potential of Fuzzy Logic for Solving the Challenges of Cooperative Multi-Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2019

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“…In Opportunistic Real-Time Routing (ORTR) [23], dynamic transmission power control for making expected progress and adaptive Back off Exponent (BE) for FCS based on priority level are implemented but fall under geographical routing approach. [29][30] focuses on fuzzy logic routing using several metrics but neither opportunistic nor beaconless in approach.…”

Section: Figure 2 or Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Hybrid Opportunistic Scalable Energy Efficient Routing Design for Low Power, Lossy Wireless Sensor Networks

Thyagarajan¹,

Suganthi²

2019

IJCNC

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Opportunistic Routing (OR) scheme increases the transmission reliability despite the lossy wireless radio links by exploiting the broadcast nature of the wireless medium. However, OR schemes in low power Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) leads to energy drain in constrained sensor nodes due to constant overhearing, periodic beaconing for Neighbourhood Management (NM) and increase in packet header length to append priority wise sorted Forwarding Candidates Set (FCS) prior to data transmission. The timer-based coordination mechanism incurs the least overhead to coordinate among the FCS that has successfully received the data packet for relaying the data in a multi-hop manner. This timer-based mechanism suffers from duplicate transmissions if the FCS is either not carefully selected or coordinated. The focus of this work is to propose a hybrid opportunistic energy efficient routing design for large scale, low power and lossy WSN. This design avoids periodic 'hello' beacons for NM, limits constant overhearing and increase in packet header length. There are two modes of operation i) opportunistic ii) unicast mode. The sender node adopts opportunistic forwarding for its initial data packet transmission and instead of pre-computing the FCS, it is dynamically computed in a completely distributed manner. The eligible nodes to be part of FCS will be neighbour nodes at lower corona level than the sender with respect to the sink and remaining energy above the minimum threshold. The nodes part of FCS based on crosslayered multi-metrics and fuzzy decision logic determines its priority level to compute Dynamic Holding Delay (DHD) for effective timer coordination. The differentiated back off implementation along with DHD enables the higher priority candidate that had received data packet to forward the packet first and facilitates others to cancel its timer upon overhearing. The sender node switches to unicast mode of forwarding for successive transmissions by choosing the forwarding node with maximum trust value as it denotes the stability of the temporally varying link with respect to the forwarder. The sender node will revert to opportunistic mode to increase transmission reliability in case of link-level transmission error or no trustworthy forwarders. Simulation results in NS2 show significant increase in Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR),decrease in both average energy consumption per node and Normalized Energy Consumption (NEC) per packet in comparison with existing protocols.

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“…Summarizing the analysis and taking into account the analysis of work on information processing [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] the most expedient is considered the choice of methods of the theory of fuzzy sets for the processing of factors and for the evaluation of information, since its application allows us to develop a mechanism for processing information, takes into account the mutual influence of verbally and numerically described factors, presented in various assessment scales.…”

Section: Presentation Of the Main Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A neuron with an input vector with one n-element is shown in Fig. 1, where p 1 , p 2 , p 3 , p 4 include separate elements and ω 1 , ω 2 , ω 3 , ω 4 are the weights of the connections. An artificial neural network can be taught to perform a function by adjusting the weight values [13].…”

Section: Rule I If Ais P and B Is Q Then Z Is Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Mathematical Apparatus for Managing Channel and Network Resources of Military Radio Communication Systems

Nalapko¹,

Pikul²,

Zhuk³

et al. 2019

CNCS

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The experience of carrying out the Operation of the United Nations (antiterrorist operation) on the territory of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts shows that the existing procedure for managing the channel and network resources of military radiocommunication systems does not meet the modern requirements, which are put forward for them. The choice of a route in special purpose networks with the ability to self-organize on the basis of specific parameters is the main problem for managing the channel and network resources of special-purpose networks, as well as the difficult task of climbing the network. In this article, the authors analyzed the existing mathematical apparatus for controlling channel and network resources of military radiocommunication systems. During the research, the authors of the article used the classical methods of scientific knowledge, namely, the methods of analysis and synthesis, the basic provisions of the theory of communication, methods of modeling of communication networks, the theory of artificial intelligence, and others. It is established that the existing methods of controlling the channel and network resources of military radiocommunication systems take into account only certain factors influencing the quality of the use of channel and network resources of military radiocommunication systems. Therefore, it is the most expedient to choose a route for information transmission on many parameters based on fuzzy logic and a modified method of the ant colony system, through which searches and maintenance of the path of the packet passing between two points between the node from which the IP packet and the destination node are sent. To find a route, the following parameters must be considered: the energy component, the data rate, the time delay of the IP packet from the node that sends the packet to the destination node and the reliability of the delivery of the IP packet. These parameters should be taken into account while creating mathematical models, methods and techniques for managing channel and network resources of military radio communication systems.

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Fuzzy Logic-Based Geographic Routing Protocol for Dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

On the Potential of Fuzzy Logic for Solving the Challenges of Cooperative Multi-Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks

On the Potential of Fuzzy Logic for Solving the Challenges of Cooperative Multi-Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks

A Novel Hybrid Opportunistic Scalable Energy Efficient Routing Design for Low Power, Lossy Wireless Sensor Networks

Analysis of Mathematical Apparatus for Managing Channel and Network Resources of Military Radio Communication Systems

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