Future of Global Bioethanol: An Appraisal of Results, Risk and Uncertainties

Lemos, Patrícia Rocha; Mesquita, Fernando Campos

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803141-4.00011-3

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Nevertheless, despite proactive blending mandates in more and more countries, the competition of low-cost fossil fuels is a persistent primary barrier which limits the development of biofuels markets [3,4]. Global economic trends related to the Covid-19 pandemics have affected also the biofuel demand, with a drop of 20% in the world bioethanol market and a fall by nearly 50% of the production of bioethanol in the USA [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Metal B-Site Substitutions in LaAlO3 Perovskites Reorient Bio-Ethanol Conversion Reactions

et al. 2021

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LaAlO3 perovskites, as such and with 25% molar Al substitution by Cu, Co, or Ga, have been prepared by sol-gel methods and tested as heterogeneous catalysts in the gas-phase conversion of ethanol. LaAlO3 presented a significant acidic character, with high formation of ethylene by ethanol dehydration. B-site substitutions increased the basicity of the catalysts, favoring the dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. The most reducible Cu- and Co-substituted materials, characterized by easier formation of surface oxygen vacancies, promoted the self-condensation of acetaldehyde by the Tishchenko mechanism, with formation of acetone and odd-carbon number products. Aldol coupling of acetaldehyde, favored on pure and Ga-substituted LaAlO3, led to the formation of butadiene and hexadiene. The role of Ga insertion, favoring both dehydrogenation of ethylene and dehydration of higher alcohols, corresponds to an amphoteric character. The formation of olefins and diolefins on all catalysts suggests that LaAl-based materials present the most acidic character among La-perovskites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Metal B-Site Substitutions in LaAlO3 Perovskites Reorient Bio-Ethanol Conversion Reactions

et al. 2021

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“…As with many disciplines in various scientific fields, the future prospects of the bioethanol sector are very difficult to forecast [1]. This can be explained by the fact that the sector's economic positions are heavily dependent on processes occurring: (1) in the market of agricultural raw materials, which in itself is very turbulent in an era of global climate change [2] and oil price fluctuations [3]; (2) technological innovation in production [4]; (3) the market relations of by-products [5] and (4) the varying economic policies of different states [6]. It follows from this complexity that the bioethanol sector lends itself to the application of system dynamics [7], which is an emerging field of science, widely applied in modelling the economic aspects of energy supply systems [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews of the Bioethanol Sector

et al. 2020

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The bioethanol sector is an extremely complex set of actors, technologies and market structures, influenced simultaneously by different natural, economic, social and political processes. That is why it lends itself to the application of system dynamics modelling. In last five years a relatively high level of experience and knowledge has accumulated related to the application of computer-aided system modelling for the analysis and forecasting of the bioethanol sector. The goal of the current paper is to offer a systematic review of the application of system dynamics models in order to better understand the structure, conduct and performance of the bioethanol sector. Our method has been the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), based on English-language materials published between 2015 and 2020. The results highlight that system dynamic models have become more and more complex, but as a consequence of the improvement in information technology and statistical systems, as well as the increasing experience gained they offer an efficient tool for decision makers in the business and political spheres. In the future, the combination of traditional system dynamics modelling and agent-based models will offer new perspectives for the preparation of more sophisticated description and forecasting.

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“…Bioethanol has been considered as an effective alternative source of energy. The use of this biofuel may reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by 75% with respect to fossil fuels. − As a result, its production and consumption have grown exponentially during the past two decades. ,, Bioethanol can be directly used, in its pure form, within modified spark-ignition engines or it can be blended with gasoline or diesel fuels . Even though one liter of ethanol contains 66% of the energy provided by a liter of petrol, it is used in the blend as a very efficient octane-boosting agent, thereby substituting chemical additives such as methyl tert butyl ether (MTBE) or tetraethyl lead. ,,,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of Organic Compounds in Bioethanol Samples of Different Nature and the Related Fractions

et al. 2020

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Forty-one bioethanol real samples and related fractions, together with a biobutanol sample, have been analyzed with gas chromatography coupled to either mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or flame ionization detection (GC–FID). Bioethanol with different water contents, samples originated from several sources of biomass, first- as well as second-generation specimens, distillation fractions, samples stocked in containers made of four different materials, and, finally, a biobutanol sample have been analyzed. The number of the compounds found through GC–MS has been 130, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, nitrogen compounds, organic acids, furane derivates as well as other species (e.g., limonene). Afterward, a quantitative determination of major components of bioethanol has been carried out. The achieved results have revealed that, besides ethanol and, in some cases, water, species such as acetaldehyde, methanol, and higher alcohols, as well as 1,1-diethoxyethane, may be present at concentrations above 500 mg L –1 . While the source of bioethanol (nature of the raw material, ethanol generation, or water content) has a direct impact on its volatile organic compound (VOC) profile, the material of the container where the biofuel has been stored does not play a significant role. Finally, the results have demonstrated that, for a given production process, different distillation fractions contain unequal VOC profiles.

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Future of Global Bioethanol: An Appraisal of Results, Risk and Uncertainties

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Transition Metal B-Site Substitutions in LaAlO3 Perovskites Reorient Bio-Ethanol Conversion Reactions

Transition Metal B-Site Substitutions in LaAlO3 Perovskites Reorient Bio-Ethanol Conversion Reactions

PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews of the Bioethanol Sector

Profiling of Organic Compounds in Bioethanol Samples of Different Nature and the Related Fractions

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