Fungal Kti12 proteins display unusual linker regions and unique ATPase p-loops

Krutyhołowa, Rościsław; Reinhardt-Tews, Annekathrin; Chramiec‐Głąbik, Andrzej; Breunig, Karin D.; Glatt, Sebastian

doi:10.1007/s00294-020-01070-2

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…The second gene with a differential expression is Kti12 ( KTI12 homolog , chromatin associated ). Kti12 is known to be a vastly conserved ATPase and essential for transfer RNA (tRNA)-modification activity of the Elongator complex ( Krutyhołowa et al, 2020 ). So far, Kti12 was mainly described in plant cell biology, where it plays a role in the transcription by interacting with RNA polymerase II ( Nelissen et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Novel Potential Type 2 Diabetes Genes Mediating β-Cell Loss and Hyperglycemia Using Positional Cloning

et al. 2020

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease regulated by an interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. To understand the genetic contribution in the development of diabetes, mice varying in their disease susceptibility were crossed with the obese and diabetes-prone New Zealand obese (NZO) mouse. Subsequent whole-genome sequence scans revealed one major quantitative trait loci (QTL), Nidd/DBA on chromosome 4, linked to elevated blood glucose and reduced plasma insulin and low levels of pancreatic insulin. Phenotypical characterization of congenic mice carrying 13.6 Mbp of the critical fragment of DBA mice displayed severe hyperglycemia and impaired glucose clearance at week 10, decreased glucose response in week 13, and loss of β-cells and pancreatic insulin in week 16. To identify the responsible gene variant(s), further congenic mice were generated and phenotyped, which resulted in a fragment of 3.3 Mbp that was sufficient to induce hyperglycemia. By combining transcriptome analysis and haplotype mapping, the number of putative responsible variant(s) was narrowed from initial 284 to 18 genes, including gene models and non-coding RNAs. Consideration of haplotype blocks reduced the number of candidate genes to four ( Kti12 , Osbpl9 , Ttc39a , and Calr4 ) as potential T2D candidates as they display a differential expression in pancreatic islets and/or sequence variation. In conclusion, the integration of comparative analysis of multiple inbred populations such as haplotype mapping, transcriptomics, and sequence data substantially improved the mapping resolution of the diabetes QTL Nidd/DBA . Future studies are necessary to understand the exact role of the different candidates in β-cell function and their contribution in maintaining glycemic control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Novel Potential Type 2 Diabetes Genes Mediating β-Cell Loss and Hyperglycemia Using Positional Cloning

et al. 2020

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“…In yeast, direct contact with motifs of the killer toxin-insensitive12 protein (Kti12) seems to be required for the Elongator-mediated tRNA modification [87,88]. In Arabidopsis, deformed root and leaves1 protein (DRL1) represents an orthologue of Kti12 [16,89,90].…”

Section: The Role Of the Drl1 Interactor Of Elongator In Trna Modificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Elongator—Protein Complex of Diverse Activities Regulates Growth, Development, and Immune Responses

Jarosz

Lijsebettens

Wołoszyńska

2020

IJMS

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Contrary to the conserved Elongator composition in yeast, animals, and plants, molecular functions and catalytic activities of the complex remain controversial. Elongator was identified as a component of elongating RNA polymerase II holoenzyme in yeast, animals, and plants. Furthermore, it was suggested that Elonagtor facilitates elongation of transcription via histone acetyl transferase activity. Accordingly, phenotypes of Arabidopsis elo mutants, which show development, growth, or immune response defects, correlate with transcriptional downregulation and the decreased histone acetylation in the coding regions of crucial genes. Plant Elongator was also implicated in other processes: transcription and processing of miRNA, regulation of DNA replication by histone acetylation, and acetylation of alpha-tubulin. Moreover, tRNA modification, discovered first in yeast and confirmed in plants, was claimed as the main activity of Elongator, leading to specificity in translation that might also result indirectly in a deficiency in transcription. Heterologous overexpression of individual Arabidopsis Elongator subunits and their respective phenotypes suggest that single Elongator subunits might also have another function next to being a part of the complex. In this review, we shall present the experimental evidence of all molecular mechanisms and catalytic activities performed by Elongator in nucleus and cytoplasm of plant cells, which might explain how Elongator regulates growth, development, and immune responses.

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“…Three KTI genes ( KTI11 , KTI12 , and KTI13 ) were initially isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. KTI12 is a highly conserved ATPase, and is necessary for the tRNA-modification activity of the eukaryotic Elongator complex [ 3 , 5 ]. KTI12 homologs have been identified in many plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana , Oryza sativa , Zea mays , Brassica napus , Populus [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of GhKTI12 Enhances Seed Yield and Biomass Production in Nicotiana Tabacum

Myat

Zhou

Gao

et al. 2022

Genes

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Crop molecular breeding primarily focuses on increasing the trait of plant yield. An elongator-associated protein, KTI12, is closely associated with plant biomass and yield. KTI12 is involved in developmental processes of most organs, including the leaf, root, flower, and seed, through regulating cell division and differentiation. Previous work has shown that in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum ), GhKTI12 regulates plant height, flowering, and tolerance to salt and drought stress. However, little is known about the molecular regulation mechanism of GhKTI12 in plant developmental processes. In this study, we identified the main GhKTI12 (Gh_D02G144400) gene and transformed it into tobacco (Nicotonia tabacum cv NC89). From seven transgenic lines, we obtained three (OE5, OE6 and OE8) with high expression of GhKTI12; compared with wild type plants, these three lines exhibited larger plant size, later flowering, and higher seed yield. Microscopic observation revealed that the number of leaf epidermal cells and stem parenchyma cells was increased by ~55%. Biochemical analysis showed that chlorophyll content and starch accumulation were significantly increased in younger leaves at the top canopy of transgenic plants, which may contribute to improved photosynthetic rate and, in turn, increased seed yield. To understand the molecular mechanism of GhKTI12 in transgenic plants development, two lines (OE6 and OE8) with higher expression levels of GhKTI12 were used as representative plants to conduct RNA-seq analysis. Through transcriptome analysis of the plant’s shoot apical meristematic tissue of these two lines, we identified 518 upregulated genes and 406 downregulated genes common to both overexpression lines. A large number of cellular component genes associated with cell division and differentiation, such as RD21, TET8, KTN80, AOX1, AOX2, CP1, and KIC, were found to be upregulated, and genes showing the most downregulation included MADS-box genes related to flowering time, such as MADS6, AP1, AP3, AGL8, AGL6, SEP1, and SEP2. Downregulation of these genes caused delayed flowering time and longer vegetative stage during development. Combined with the upregulation of the yield-related gene RD21, the GhKTI12 transgenic plants could produce a higher seed yield. We here show that the overexpression of GhKTI12 could positively improve key agronomic traits in tobacco by regulating cell proliferation, photosynthesis, and organ development, and suggest that homologs of GhKTI12 may also be important in the genetic improvement of other crop plants.

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Fungal Kti12 proteins display unusual linker regions and unique ATPase p-loops

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Identification of Novel Potential Type 2 Diabetes Genes Mediating β-Cell Loss and Hyperglycemia Using Positional Cloning

Identification of Novel Potential Type 2 Diabetes Genes Mediating β-Cell Loss and Hyperglycemia Using Positional Cloning

Plant Elongator—Protein Complex of Diverse Activities Regulates Growth, Development, and Immune Responses

Overexpression of GhKTI12 Enhances Seed Yield and Biomass Production in Nicotiana Tabacum

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