Fungal Fermentation of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Itaconic and Fumaric Acid Production

Abstract

The production of high-value chemicals from natural resources as an alternative for petroleum-based products is currently expanding in parallel with biorefinery. The use of lignocellulosic biomass as raw material is promising to achieve economic and environmental sustainability. Filamentous fungi, particularly species, are already used industrially to produce organic acid as well as many enzymes. The production of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes opens the possibility for direct fungal fermentation towards organic acids such as itaconic acid (IA) and fumaric acid (FA). These acids have wide-range applications and potentially addressable markets as platform chemicals. However, current technologies for the production of these compounds are mostly based on submerged fermentation. This work showed the capacity of two species ( and ) to yield both acids by solid-state fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. FA was optimally produced at by in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (0.54 mg/g wheat bran). The yield of 0.11 mg IA/g biomass by is the highest reported in the literature for simultaneous solid-state fermentation without sugar supplements.

Carboxylic Acids Production via Electrochemical Depolymerization of Lignin

“…The polysaccharidic fractions cellulose and hemicellulose have been widely employed for the production of monomeric sugars and subsequently for fermentation products such as ethanol, butanol, itaconic and fumaric acid from glucose, and ethanol as well as xylitol from xylose…”

Fumaric Acid Production: A Biorefinery Perspective

“…Species from the genera Mucor, Cunninghamella, Cirinella and Aspergillus have also been studied as suitable fumaric acid producers [33].…”

“…Another way to use xylose as a carbon source from lignocellulosic materials involves the use of microorganisms other than Rhizopus species, such as Aspergillus species [33,61], which are known to be optimal itaconic acid producers and can produce fumaric acid too, optimizing the culture conditions, as itaconic acid is a secondary metabolite, while fumaric acid is a primary one [61].…”

Biotic and Abiotic Synthesis of Renewable Aliphatic Polyesters from Short Building Blocks Obtained from Biotechnology

“…[55] Fumaric acid is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid classified in the top building blocks. [58,59] As an example,M yriant is developing ab iobased fumaric acid production facility for the production of unsaturated polyesterr esins. coli species has been developingr apidly in the last few years.…”

“…[55,61] Itaconic acid is an attractive unsaturated building block that has already been produced industrially by sugar fermentation with Aspergillus terreus in the 1960s. [59,63] Itaconic acid can be used as ab uilding block for the synthesis of curable polyesters or polyamides resins. [8] The current production of itaconic acid is around 80 000 tons per year, [38] with ap otential increaseu pto 400 000 tons per year by 2020.…”