Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing

Kidnay, A.J.; Parrish, W.; McCartney, Daniel G.

doi:10.1201/b14397

Cited by 218 publications

(236 citation statements)

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“…Its usage is expected not only to grow, but diversify [15]. The increasing preponderance of sour natural gas and natural gas with a high CO 2 content from pre-salt fields in the supply market will require the development of further treatments for the removal of H 2 S and CO 2 [16]. The provision of accurate and reliable thermophysical property data forms an important element not only in optimizing natural gas utilization, but also in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), which relies on treating and injecting CO 2 streams that are never pure but contain CH 4 , H 2 S, and N 2 among the impurities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross second virial coefficients and dilute gas transport properties of the (CH 4 + CO 2 ), (CH 4 + H 2 S), and (H 2 S + CO 2 ) systems from accurate intermolecular potential energy surfaces

Hellmann

Bich

Vesovic

2016

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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The cross second virial coefficient and the dilute gas shear viscosity, thermal conductivity, and binary diffusion coefficient have been calculated for (CH 4 + CO 2 ), (CH 4 + H 2 S), and (H 2 S + CO 2 ) mixtures in the temperature range from (150 to 1200) K. The cross second virial coefficient was obtained using the Mayer-sampling Monte Carlo approach, while the transport properties were evaluated by means of the classical trajectory method. State-of-the-art intermolecular potential energy surfaces for the like and unlike species interactions were employed in the calculations. All potential energy surfaces are based on highly accurate quantum-chemical ab initio calculations, with the potentials for the unlike interactions reported in this work and those for the like interactions taken from our previous studies of the pure gases. The computed transport property values are in good agreement with the few available experimental data, which are limited to (CH 4 + CO 2 ) mixtures close to room temperature. The lack of reliable data makes the values of the thermophysical properties calculated in this work currently the most accurate estimates for lowdensity (CH 4 + CO 2 ), (CH 4 + H 2 S), and (H 2 S + CO 2 ) mixtures. Tables of recommended values for all investigated thermophysical properties as a function of temperature and composition are provided.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross second virial coefficients and dilute gas transport properties of the (CH 4 + CO 2 ), (CH 4 + H 2 S), and (H 2 S + CO 2 ) systems from accurate intermolecular potential energy surfaces

Hellmann

Bich

Vesovic

2016

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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“…With the exception of the rotational particle separator, the equipment for CRS can be sourced from existing processes like hydrocarbon recovery and liquified natural gas production (Gas Processors Suppliers Association 2004; Kidnay et al 2006). The compressor in the regeneration loop operates at pressure ratio \4, implying that a standard single stage compressor can be used.…”

Section: Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon recovery by condensed rotational separation

Kemenade

Brouwers

2012

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Condensed rotational separation (CRS) is a novel method of gas-gas separation. It is based on pressure distillation at semi-cryogenic temperatures whereby one of the components is condensed, thereby forming a mist of micron-sized droplets. These are separated by applying the rotational particle separator (RPS). The RPS is a compact device for separating micron-sized particles from gases by centrifugation. In this paper, CRS is presented as an efficient method to upgrade natural gas fields contaminated with H 2 S=CO 2 : The process consists of two pressure reduction steps. The first step results in maximizing the methane concentration of the gas. The pressure of the separated liquid is further reduced to maximize the concentration of liquid H 2 S=CO 2 whereby the released gas is re-fed to the inlet of the first step. Basic principles, process lay-outs and equipment are discussed. Compared to conventional processes, CRS excels in compactness and minimum usage of energy.

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“…The reaction product, NaBO 2, is hydrated to generate NaB(OH) 4 , which then equilibrates reversibly into a diverse mixture of borate ions. In simple aqueous systems, borate ion solutions can contain over a dozen components, since the composition depends on temperature, pH, concentration of species, and counter-ions [28][29][30]32 .…”

Section: Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many products, ranging from food and pharmaceuticals to semiconductors and natural gas, face issues with product degradation in the presence of humidity [1][2][3][4] . In many cases, product damage due to the effect of humidity is difficult to assess before use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorimetric Humidity Sensor Based on Liquid Composite Materials for the Monitoring of Food and Pharmaceuticals

et al. 2014

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Using supported ionic-liquid membrane (SILM)-inspired methodologies, we have synthesized, characterized, and developed a humidity sensor by coating a liquid composite material on a hygroscopic and porous substrate. Similar to pH paper, the sensor responds to the environment's relative humidity and changes color accordingly. The humidity indicator is prepared by casting few microliters of low toxicity reagents on a non-toxic substrate. The sensing material is a newly synthesized liquid composite, which comprises a hygroscopic medium for environmental humidity capture, and a color indicator, which translates the humidity level into a distinct color change. Sodium borohydride was used to form a liquid composite medium and DenimBlu30 dye was used as a redox indicator. The liquid composite medium provides a hygroscopic response to relative humidity, and DenimBlu30 translates the chemical changes into a visual change from a yellow to blue color. The borate-redox dye based humidity sensor was prepared, then Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and image analysis methods were used to characterize chemical composition, optimize synthesis, and gain insight into sensor reactivity. Test results indicated that this new sensing material can detect relative humidity in the range of 5-100% in an irreversible manner with good reproducibility and high accuracy. The sensor is a low cost, highly sensitive, and easy-to-use humidity indicator. More importantly, it can be easily packaged with products to monitor humidity levels in pharmaceutical and food packaging.

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Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing

Cited by 218 publications

References 0 publications

Cross second virial coefficients and dilute gas transport properties of the (CH 4 + CO 2 ), (CH 4 + H 2 S), and (H 2 S + CO 2 ) systems from accurate intermolecular potential energy surfaces

Cross second virial coefficients and dilute gas transport properties of the (CH 4 + CO 2 ), (CH 4 + H 2 S), and (H 2 S + CO 2 ) systems from accurate intermolecular potential energy surfaces

Hydrocarbon recovery by condensed rotational separation

Colorimetric Humidity Sensor Based on Liquid Composite Materials for the Monitoring of Food and Pharmaceuticals

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