Functionalized highly electron-rich redox-active electropolymerized 3,4-propylenedioxythiophenes as precursors and targets for bioelectronics and supercapacitors

Abstract

Electron-rich redox-active electropolymerized 3,4-propylenedioxythiophenes as precursors and targets for bioelectronics and supercapacitors.

Solvent dielectric effect on electrochemical properties of 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene

“…The constant phase element (CPE) is used instead of ideal capacitors (C) to compensate for the porosity, roughness, and inhomogeneity of the electrode surface in the system [41]. Rs should be ascribed to the pore, and uncompensated electrolyte resistances, a combination (Q1 and R1) presents interfacial impedance, characterized by the double-layer capacitance (Cdl) and charge-transfer resistance (Rct) in the first parallel combination [42]. The second parallel combination (Q2 and R2 + C) is related to the active interior of polymer film, where R2 comprises ion transfer/transport resistances within the film of pseudocapacitance (C).…”

One‐stepsynthesis of nitrogen‐doped graphene powders and application of them ashigh‐performancesymmetrical coin cell supercapacitors in different aqueous electrolyte

“…[2][3][4][5][6] Batteries and supercapacitors are frequently used in the storage of electrical energy generated from renewable energy sources. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Lead-acid batteries, redox flow batteries and Li-ion batteries are the most common battery systems used in energy storage. [13][14][15][16][17][18] However, these systems have some disadvantages.…”

“…The production of electrical energy from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy as well as for deciding the usage area of this produced energy is highly important for efficient storage 2‐6 . Batteries and supercapacitors are frequently used in the storage of electrical energy generated from renewable energy sources 7‐12 . Lead‐acid batteries, redox flow batteries and Li‐ion batteries are the most common battery systems used in energy storage 13‐18 .…”

New Approach Synthesis of S, N Co‐Doped Graphenes for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

“…The advantages of the supercapacitor on batteries and fuel cells are long charge-discharge cycles and large scale and their ability to operate in extreme temperature. [13,14] Unlike batteries, supercapacitors are devices let can manage high power level. [15] Supercapacitors weigh less than batteries and bear advantages such as easy access to stored energy, faster charging than battery, high chargedischarge cycle and storage capacity independent of the number of charge and discharge.…”

“…Energy storage systems such as batteries and supercapacitors are based on electrochemical reactions. The advantages of the supercapacitor on batteries and fuel cells are long charge‐discharge cycles and large scale and their ability to operate in extreme temperature [13,14] . Unlike batteries, supercapacitors are devices let can manage high power level [15] .…”