“…In many locations in Tanzania, extracurricular programs are the only environmental education (EE) opportunity for youth, as EE has not been incorporated into the formal educational system (McDuff, 2000). This need for more EE in Tanzania is supported by previous research, which suggests that students lack the following: basic ecological knowledge; an understanding of how environmental issues impact both the natural and human community; and the necessary skills for environmental issue resolution (Ali & Maskill, 2004;Johnson-Pynn & Johnson, 2005;McDuff, 2000;McDuff & Jacobson, 2000).…”