Functional Parcellation of the Speech Production Cortex

Tourville, Jason A.; Nieto-Castañón, Alfonso; Heyne, Matthias; Guenther, Frank H.

doi:10.1044/2019_jslhr-s-csmc7-18-0442

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…Both males and females exhibited a typical pattern of cortical activity during speech production, which involved primary sensorimotor, premotor, inferior frontal, middle cingulate, auditory, inferior parietal and insular regions (Figure 2A), in agreement with other studies investigating speech production (e.g., Tourville and Guenther, 2003; Fuertinger et al, 2015; Simonyan et al, 2016; Basilakos et al, 2018; Kearney and Guenther, 2019). For further analysis, this activity was restricted to the a priori delineated cortical structural ROIs, as outlined above and illustrated in Figure 2.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Consistent with the previous studies of neural activity during speech production (e.g., Tourville and Guenther, 2003; Simonyan and Fuertinger, 2015; Simonyan et al, 2016; Basilakos et al, 2018; Kearney and Guenther, 2019), the cortical regions-of-interest (ROIs) included the precentral, postcentral and inferior frontal gyri, supplementary motor area, middle cingulate cortex, supramarginal (SMG), superior temporal (STG) and Heschl’s gyri, and insula (Figure 2A). Following the extraction of parcellated Destrieux atlas-based ROIs, a further delineation of these regions included their restriction to areas activate during speech production (Figure 2B).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 62%

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Sexual Dimorphism Within Brain Regions Controlling Speech Production

2019

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Neural processing of speech production has been traditionally attributed to the left hemisphere. However, it remains unclear if there are structural bases for speech functional lateralization and if these may be partially explained by sexual dimorphism of cortical morphology. We used a combination of high-resolution MRI and speech-production functional MRI to examine cortical thickness of brain regions involved in speech control in healthy males and females. We identified greater cortical thickness of the left Heschl’s gyrus in females compared to males. Additionally, rightward asymmetry of the supramarginal gyrus and leftward asymmetry of the precentral gyrus were found within both male and female groups. Sexual dimorphism of the Heschl’s gyrus may underlie known differences in auditory processing for speech production between males and females, whereas findings of asymmetries within cortical areas involved in speech motor execution and planning may contribute to the hemispheric localization of functional activity and connectivity of these regions within the speech production network. Our findings highlight the importance of consideration of sex as a biological variable in studies on neural correlates of speech control.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 62%

Sexual Dimorphism Within Brain Regions Controlling Speech Production

2019

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“…We examined 70 patients with a hand motor impairment after first ever stroke with a comprehensive speech-language assessment battery. Since the RH involvement in the speech-motor network has been discussed, most often considered to be involved in feed-back control and/or in lower levels of speech production ( 58 , 59 ), the initial study sample also included 35 patients with RH lesions. However, no participant with AOS or aphasia after a RH lesion was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia in Patients With Hand Motor Impairment After Stroke

et al. 2021

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Objective: Aphasia and apraxia of speech (AOS) after stroke frequently co-occur with a hand motor impairment but few studies have investigated stroke recovery across motor and speech-language domains. In this study, we set out to test the shared recovery hypothesis. We aimed to (1) describe the prevalence of AOS and aphasia in subacute stroke patients with a hand motor impairment and (2) to compare recovery across speech-language and hand motor domains. In addition, we also explored factors predicting recovery from AOS.Methods: Seventy participants with mild to severe paresis in the upper extremity were assessed; 50% of these (n = 35) had left hemisphere (LH) lesions. Aphasia, AOS and hand motor assessments and magnetic resonance imaging were conducted at 4 weeks (A1) and at 6 months (A2) after stroke onset. Recovery was characterized in 15 participants showing initial aphasia that also had complete follow-up data at 6 months.Results: All participants with AOS and/or aphasia had LH lesions. In LH lesioned, the prevalence of aphasia was 71% and of AOS 57%. All participants with AOS had aphasia; 80% of the participants with aphasia also had AOS. Recovery in aphasia (n = 15) and AOS (n = 12) followed a parallel pattern to that observed in hand motor impairment and recovery correlated positively across speech-language and motor domains. The majority of participants with severe initial aphasia and AOS showed a limited but similar amount of recovery across domains. Lesion volume did not correlate with results from behavioral assessments, nor with recovery. The initial aphasia score was the strongest predictor of AOS recovery.Conclusion: Our findings confirm the common occurrence of AOS and aphasia in left hemisphere stroke patients with a hand motor impairment. Recovery was similar across speech-language and motor domains, even in patients with severe impairment, supporting the shared recovery hypothesis and that similar brain recovery mechanisms are involved in speech-language and motor recovery post stroke. These observations contribute to the knowledge of AOS and its relation to motor and language functions and add information that may serve as a basis for future studies of post stroke recovery. Studies including neuroimaging and/or biological assays are required to gain further knowledge on shared brain recovery mechanisms.

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“…The insular cortex is involved in processing somatosensory (Sörös et al, 2008;Pugnaghi et al, 2011), gustatory (Small, 2010), and nociceptive stimuli (Xu et al, 2019). In addition, insular activity is associated with voluntary and semi-voluntary oro-facial movements, such as jaw opening and closing (Wong et al, 2011), speech production (Simonyan and Fuertinger, 2015;Tourville et al, 2019), and swallowing (Sörös et al, 2009;Leopold and Daniels, 2010;Malandraki et al, 2011). Importantly, insular activity is not specific for oro-facial movements, but has been found in simple finger movements as well (Turesky et al, 2016).…”

Section: Model-based Group Fmri Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-Based and Model-Free Analyses of the Neural Correlates of Tongue Movements

2020

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The tongue performs movements in all directions to subserve its diverse functions in chewing, swallowing, and speech production. Using task-based functional MRI in a group of 17 healthy young participants, we studied (1) potential differences in the cerebral control of frontal (protrusion), horizontal (side to side), and vertical (elevation) tongue movements and (2) inter-individual differences in tongue motor control. To investigate differences between different tongue movements, we performed voxel-wise multiple linear regressions. To investigate inter-individual differences, we applied a novel approach, spatio-temporal filtering of independent components. For this approach, individual functional data were decomposed into spatially independent components and corresponding time courses using independent component analysis. A temporal filter (correlation with the expected brain response) was used to identify independent components time-locked to the tongue motor tasks. A spatial filter (cross-correlation with established neurofunctional systems) was used to identify brain activity not timelocked to the tasks. Our results confirm the importance of an extended bilateral cortical and subcortical network for the control of tongue movements. Frontal (protrusion) tongue movements, highly overlearned movements related to speech production, showed less activity in the frontal and parietal lobes compared to horizontal (side to side) and vertical (elevation) movements and greater activity in the left frontal and temporal lobes compared to vertical movements (cluster-forming threshold of Z > 3.1, cluster significance threshold of p < 0.01, corrected for multiple comparisons). The investigation of inter-individual differences revealed a component representing the tongue primary sensorimotor cortex time-locked to the task in all participants. Using the spatial filter, we found the default mode network in 16 of 17 participants, the left fronto-parietal network in 16, the right fronto-parietal network in 8, and the executive control network in four participants (Pearson's r > 0.4 between neurofunctional systems and individual components). These results demonstrate that spatio-temporal filtering of independent components allows to identify individual brain activity related to a specific task and also structured spatiotemporal processes representing known neurofunctional systems on an individual basis. This novel approach may be useful for the assessment of individual patients and results may be related to individual clinical, behavioral, and genetic information.

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Functional Parcellation of the Speech Production Cortex

Cited by 21 publications

References 68 publications

Sexual Dimorphism Within Brain Regions Controlling Speech Production

Sexual Dimorphism Within Brain Regions Controlling Speech Production

Recovery of Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia in Patients With Hand Motor Impairment After Stroke

Model-Based and Model-Free Analyses of the Neural Correlates of Tongue Movements

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