Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Mapping in Psychiatry: Methodological Issues Illustrated in a Study of Working Memory in Schizophrenia

Callicott, Joseph H.; Ramsey, Nick F.; Tallent, Kathleen A.; Bertolino, Alessandro; Knable, Michael B.; Coppola, Richard; Goldberg, Terry E.; Gelderen, Peter van; Mattay, Venkata S.; Frank, Joseph A.; Moonen, Chrit; Weinberger, Daniel R.

doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(97)00096-1

Cited by 302 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

188

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Characterizing compensatory mechanisms and their potential modulation is important for the social rehabilitation of schizophrenic patients. But it is well known that schizophrenia involves frontal function deficits (Jeste et al 1996;Ingvar and Franzen 1974;Weinberger et al 1986;Callicott et al 1998;Heckers et al 1999); in fact, prefrontal and inferior frontal abnormalities we will report elsewhere co-occurred in our patient's sample. What then is the relationship between the mechanisms described here and the prefrontal abnormalities observed in schizophrenia?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A Compensatory Mirror Cortical Mechanism for Facial Affect Processing in Schizophrenia

Quintana

2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A Compensatory Mirror Cortical Mechanism for Facial Affect Processing in Schizophrenia

Quintana

2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Moreover, anterior cingulate dysfunction, related to the evaluation or detection of response conflict during the Stroop task, has been observed in both PET (Nordahl et al, 2001) and fMRI studies . Finally, both reduced (Artiges et al, 2000;Fletcher et al, 1998) and increased posterior parietal activation (Callicott et al, 1998;Paulus et al, 2002b) have been observed in response to different tasks in SZS. The heterogeneity of these findings has led some investigators to propose that schizophrenia patients show a disruption of processing across different areas in the brain, rather than a circumscribed abnormality in one area (Friston, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Thus, the current results are consistent with the general hypothesis that there is a disturbance in the processing of decision-making in SZS when there are no dominant response strategies established. Both structural (Weinberger et al, 1992;Seidman et al, 1994;Gur et al, 2000) and functional (Weinberger et al, 1996;Callicott et al, 1998;Manoach et al, 1999;Rubia et al, 2001a;Volz et al, 2001) imaging studies, using a number of different neurocognitive tasks, in SZS have implicated primarily, and some selectively (Barch et al, 2001), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dysfunction in SZS. Others still have correlated evaluative dysfunctions in schizophrenia with impaired performance monitoring in the anterior cingulate (Carter et al, , 2000(Carter et al, , 1997Nordahl et al, 2001).…”

Section: Decision-making and Errors In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, working-memory studies during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have shown that both chronic and first-episode never-medicated schizophrenia patients showed deficits in working memory performance associated with an increased or decreased activation (Callicott et al, 1998;Barch et al, 2001), or an increased spatial heterogeneity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation (Manoach et al, 2000). The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dysfunction in SZS during a working memory task has been associated with disorganization symptoms (Perlstein et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Schizophrenia Subjects Show Intact Success-Related Neural Activation but Impaired Uncertainty Processing during Decision-Making

Paulus

Frank

Brown

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decision-making is a complex process that is important for everyday life. This study examined the effect of the degree of success, and outcome uncertainty, on decision-making and associated neural substrate activation in schizophrenia subjects (SZS) and normal comparison subjects (NCS). A total of 15 subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and 15 age-and education-matched NCS participated in this study. These subjects completed the two-choice prediction task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Decision-making characteristics and activation of neural substrates were obtained at 20, 50, or 80% error rate. Success and uncertainty influenced the behavioral characteristics on the two-choice prediction task, and the task-related activation in SZS and NCS. Neither success nor uncertainty differentially affected the behavioral characteristics of SZS relative to NCS during the two-choice prediction task. Nonetheless, there was a significant interaction between group and error rate in bilateral parietal cortex. The activation in NCS was the highest when the outcome was most uncertain. In contrast, task-related activation in SZS was not modulated by the degree of uncertainty. Thus, SZS failed to utilize the parietal cortex to process decision-making situations with highly uncertain outcomes.

show abstract

“…No significant normalized CBF differences were found between groups even at a threshold of P < 0.05-uncorrected, for either the resting or the control condition. We also addressed the possibility that group differences in vascular reactivity may be responsible for the observed effects in the OFC, DLFPC, and MPFC by examining changes in normalized rCBF in the motor cortex where we expected normal levels of activation in both groups (Callicott et al, 1998). We found no group differences in motor cortex (−26, −44, 65) ).…”

Section: Cocaine Used (Grams/week) and Rcbfmentioning

confidence: 88%

Orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in abstinent cocaine abusers performing a decision-making task

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocaine abusers demonstrate faulty decision-making as manifested by their inability to discontinue self-destructive drug-seeking behaviors. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays an important role in decision-making. In this preliminary study we tested whether 25-day-abstinent cocaine abusers show alterations in normalized cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the OFC using PET with 15 O during the Iowa Gambling Task (a decision-making task). This task measures the ability to weigh short-term rewards against long-term losses. A control task matched the sensorimotor aspects of the task but did not require decision-making. Cocaine abusers (N = 13) showed greater activation during performance of the Iowa Gambling Task in the right OFC and less activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) compared to a control group (N = 13). Better Iowa Gambling Task performance was associated with greater activation in the right OFC in both groups. Also, the amount of cocaine used (grams/week) prior to the 25 days of enforced abstinence was negatively correlated with activation in the left OFC. Greater activation in the OFC in cocaine abusers compared to a control group may reflect differences in the anticipation of reward while less activation in the DLPFC and MPFC may reflect differences in planning and working memory. These findings suggest that cocaine abusers show persistent functional abnormalities in prefrontal neural networks involved in decision-making and these effects are related to cocaine abuse. Compromised decision-making could contribute to the development of addiction and undermine attempts at abstinence.

show abstract

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Mapping in Psychiatry: Methodological Issues Illustrated in a Study of Working Memory in Schizophrenia

Abstract: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (jMRI) is

Cited by 302 publications

References 50 publications

A Compensatory Mirror Cortical Mechanism for Facial Affect Processing in Schizophrenia

A Compensatory Mirror Cortical Mechanism for Facial Affect Processing in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Subjects Show Intact Success-Related Neural Activation but Impaired Uncertainty Processing during Decision-Making

Orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in abstinent cocaine abusers performing a decision-making task

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About