Functional characterization of the rice kaurene synthase-like gene family

Xu, Meimei; Wilderman, P. Ross; Morrone, Dana; Xu, Jianjun; Roy, Arnab; Margis‐Pinheiro, Márcia; Upadhyaya, Narayana M.; Coates, Robert M.; Peters, Reuben J.

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.10.016

Cited by 116 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Notably, ZmAN2 does not cluster with any class I diTPSs in the maize genome, illustrating a different genomic organization of diterpenoid metabolism in maize as compared with rice and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), where several specialized diterpenoid pathways form functional biosynthetic clusters (Matsuba et al, 2013;Nützmann et al, 2016). However, the presence of the uncharacterized class II diTPSs ZmCPS3 and ZmCPS4 suggests that specialized diterpenoid metabolism in maize likely follows the common modular blueprint of combining different diTPS and P450 enzymes, as shown for rice, wheat, and various other species across the plant kingdom (Xu et al, 2007a;Zhou et al, 2012;Hall et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2015;Zerbe and Bohlmann, 2015). This hypothesis is substantiated by (1) the in vitro substrate promiscuity of ZmKSL4 with CPP of ent-, syn-, and (+)-stereochemistry and (2) Figure 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In monocots, diterpenoid pathway networks comprise sets of diTPSs with conserved and species-specific functions in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rice Xu et al, 2004Xu et al, , 2007aMorrone et al, 2006;Wu et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2012;Fu et al, 2016). The ensuing diTPS products often undergo further structural modifications through the activity of P450 enzymes, as exemplified in rice by the P450-catalyzed formation of several bioactive diterpenoid metabolites (Swaminathan et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2011Wang et al, , 2012aWang et al, , 2012b.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

et al. 2018

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“…Specific CPP synthases within rice catalyze the biosynthesis of either ent-CPP or syn-CPP isomers (41,42). These are complemented with equally distinct diterpene synthases that can utilize one or the other CPP isomer for hormone or defense compound biosynthesis (43,44). Yet, there are other diterpene synthases that have retained these two enzyme functions but have evolved whole new catalytic outcomes (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of unique mechanisms for triterpene biosynthesis in Botryococcus braunii

Niehaus

Okada

Devarenne

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Botryococcene biosynthesis is thought to resemble that of squalene, a metabolite essential for sterol metabolism in all eukaryotes. Squalene arises from an initial condensation of two molecules of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) to form presqualene diphosphate (PSPP), which then undergoes a reductive rearrangement to form squalene. In principle, botryococcene could arise from an alternative rearrangement of the presqualene intermediate. Because of these proposed similarities, we predicted that a botryococcene synthase would resemble squalene synthase and hence isolated squalene synthase-like genes from Botryococcus braunii race B. While B. braunii does harbor at least one typical squalene synthase, none of the other three squalene synthase-like (SSL) genes encodes for botryococcene biosynthesis directly. SSL-1 catalyzes the biosynthesis of PSPP and SSL-2 the biosynthesis of bisfarnesyl ether, while SSL-3 does not appear able to directly utilize FPP as a substrate. However, when combinations of the synthase-like enzymes were mixed together, in vivo and in vitro, robust botryococcene (SSL-1+SSL-3) or squalene biosynthesis (SSL1+SSL-2) was observed. These findings were unexpected because squalene synthase, an ancient and likely progenitor to the other Botryococcus triterpene synthases, catalyzes a two-step reaction within a single enzyme unit without intermediate release, yet in B. braunii, these activities appear to have separated and evolved interdependently for specialized triterpene oil production greater than 500 MYA. Coexpression of the SSL-1 and SSL-3 genes in different configurations, as independent genes, as gene fusions, or targeted to intracellular membranes, also demonstrate the potential for engineering even greater efficiencies of botryococcene biosynthesis.algae | biofuels | terpene enzymology

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“…Another group isolated these cDNAs independently from indica rice. [24][25][26][27][28] OsCPS1 (Os02g17780) and OsKS1 (Os04g52230) were first identified as GA biosynthetic genes; their knockout mutants showed severe GA-deficient dwarf phenotypes. 29) After UV and after elicitor treatment, the levels of the OsCPS1 and OsKS1 transcripts did not increase.…”

Section: Labdane-related Diterpene Cyclase Gene Family In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances Regarding Diterpene Cyclase Genes in Higher Plants and Fungi

Toyomasu

2008

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Cyclic diterpenoids are commonly biosynthesized from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) through the formation of carbon skeletons by specific cyclases and subsequent chemical modifications, such as oxidation, reduction, methylation, and glucosidation. A variety of diterpenoids are produced in higher plants and fungi. Rice produces four classes of diterpene phytoalexins, phytocassanes A to E, oryzalexins A to F, oryzalexin S, and momilactones A and B. The six diterpene cyclase genes involved in the biosynthesis of these phytoalexins were identified and characterized. Fusicoccin A was produced by the phytopathogenic Phomopsis amygdali and served as a plant H þ -ATPase activator. A PaFS, encoding a fungal diterpene synthase responsible for fusicoccin biosynthesis, was isolated. The PaFS is an unusual chimeric diterpene synthase that possesses not only terpene cyclase activity (the formation of fusicoccadiene, a biosynthetic precursor of fusicoccin A), but also prenyltransferase activity (the formation of GGDP). Thus, we identified a unique multifunctional diterpene synthase family in fungi.

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Functional characterization of the rice kaurene synthase-like gene family

Cited by 116 publications

References 61 publications

Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

Identification of unique mechanisms for triterpene biosynthesis in Botryococcus braunii

Recent Advances Regarding Diterpene Cyclase Genes in Higher Plants and Fungi

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