Fully Printed Halide Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with Silver Nanowire Electrodes

Bade, Sri Ganesh R.; Li, Junqiang; Shan, Xin; Ling, Yichuan; Tian, Yu; Dilbeck, Tristan; Besara, Tiglet; Geske, Thomas; Gao, Hanwei; Ma, Biwu; Hanson, Kenneth; Siegrist, T.; Xu, Chengying; Yu, Zhibin

doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b07506

Cited by 262 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The progress in classical LD semiconductors has given rise to some new types of devices [5][6][7][8][9], where this natural low cost class of LD semiconductors exhibits useful optoelectronic properties [4,[10][11][12][13][14][15] comparable to the artificial class. Examples of such devices are LEDs based on 2D hybrid semiconductors [16][17][18] which function at room temperature, as well as lately reported, LEDs based on 3D hybrid materials [19][20][21][22]. These latter materials are related to this work as they share the same active semiconducting units.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Mixtures of quasi-two and three dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic semiconducting perovskites for single layer LED

Vassilakopoulou

Papadatos

Zakouras

et al. 2017

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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New blends of simply synthesized quasi two-dimensional (quasi-2D) hydrophobic perovskite semiconductors, employed in high performance light emitting diodes (LEDs) which function due to excitonic energy transfer effects, are reported. These materials are self-assembled blends of 2D, quasi-2D and three-dimensional (3D) hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors HOIS blends manifest energy transfer effects, where adjacent nanoparticles of different band gap energies (E g ) transfer optical energy to those with the lowest E g ; the suggested light emission mechanism here. LED fabrication is attained via a single deposition of the hydrophobic mixture, reducing device complexity, cost and degradability. LED's diodic behavior is observed even under light albeit its photovoltaic and photoconductive quasi-2D and 3D components. LED devices exposed for over than four months under adverse laboratory conditions, showed stable light emission. Further research on this class of quasi-2D/3D HOIS mixtures is expected to lead to novel quantum electronic devices.2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Mixtures of quasi-two and three dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic semiconducting perovskites for single layer LED

Vassilakopoulou

Papadatos

Zakouras

et al. 2017

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…These works demonstrated that pure perovskites can emit bright EL with very high color purity at RT. Many subsequent studies used a variety of experimental approaches to improve the luminescence efficiencies of PeLEDs (8)(9)(10)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66).…”

Section: Renaissance Of Perovskite Emitters: Bulk Polycrystalline Filmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal halide perovskite light emitters

Kim

Cho

Lee

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

486

441

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Twenty years after layer-type metal halide perovskites were successfully developed, 3D metal halide perovskites (shortly, perovskites) were recently rediscovered and are attracting multidisciplinary interest from physicists, chemists, and material engineers. Perovskites have a crystal structure composed of five atoms per unit cell (ABX 3 ) with cation A positioned at a corner, metal cation B at the center, and halide anion X at the center of six planes and unique optoelectronic properties determined by the crystal structure. Because of very narrow spectra (full width at half-maximum ≤20 nm), which are insensitive to the crystallite/grain/particle dimension and wide wavelength range (400 nm ≤ λ ≤ 780 nm), perovskites are expected to be promising high-color purity light emitters that overcome inherent problems of conventional organic and inorganic quantum dot emitters. Within the last 2 y, perovskites have already demonstrated their great potential in light-emitting diodes by showing high electroluminescence efficiency comparable to those of organic and quantum dot light-emitting diodes. This article reviews the progress of perovskite emitters in two directions of bulk perovskite polycrystalline films and perovskite nanoparticles, describes current challenges, and suggests future research directions for researchers to encourage them to collaborate and to make a synergetic effect in this rapidly emerging multidisciplinary field.As human civilization went through the information revolution, display technology has been designated as a core technology to increase convenience in daily human life. In an information society, the desire of humans to see the materials more vividly in displays has significantly increased. In this aspect, major trend of the display technology is changing from high resolution and high efficiency to high color purity for realizing vivid natural colors (Fig. 1). Therefore, research on new emitting materials that can emit light with narrow full width at halfmaximum (FWHM) have been attempted. Inorganic quantum dot (QD) emitters with narrow spectra (FWHM ∼30 nm) have been significantly studied following organic emitters (FWHM >40 nm); however, size-sensitive color purity, difficult size uniformity control, and expensive material costs of inorganic QD emitters retard the progress for wide use in industry. Therefore, new emitters with size-insensitively high color purity (FWHM <20 nm) and low material cost should be developed. Among many candidates, metal halide perovskites (hereafter, "perovskites") have gained great attentions and shown the possibility for future high-color purity emitters.The first perovskites were layer-type thin films (A 2 MX 4 ) (A = organic cation; M = divalent metal; X = Cl, Br, I) (1-6).They were expected to be novel hybrid materials that had both advantages of organic materials (e.g., solution processability and low material costs) and inorganic materials (e.g., high charge carrier mobility) (7). Especially, perovskites with high color purity, easy wavelength tuning, and ...

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“…In situ fabricated PNCs can be obtained by simply spin-coating a mixture of perovskite and polymer precursors [67][68][69][70] or through a controlled drying process [71] or swelling technique. [72,73] Such PNCs in polymer matrix (also denoted as PQD embedded composite films, PQDCF) take advantages in terms of simple processing and good film formability.…”

Section: The Roadmap Of Perovskite Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[129] Efforts have also been made to explain the effectiveness of PEO incorporation in terms of improving the film morphology, [129][130][131] incorporation ratio, [132] and flexible/stretchable devices. [69,133] It is discovered that by introducing a common surfactant, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), the high polarity of the pyrrolidone group on the PVP molecules facilitates the dispersion of PNCs, leading to an improved film quality toward a dense and pinhole free state. Thanks to the simplified device structure, fully printed flexible PeLEDs composed of the polymer-PNC nanocomposite sandwiched between single-walled carbon nanotube anode and silver nanowire cathode was realized and could survive after a number of bending cycles.…”

Section: Electroluminescencementioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Fabricated Perovskite Nanocrystals: A Revolution in Optical Materials

Chang

Bai

Zhong

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

188

127

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in bulk halide perovskites, long carrier diffusion length, and an absorption range covering the visible solar spectrum, collectively enable the high performance of photo electricity conversion. Compared to the bulk materials, perovskite nanocrystals or quantum dots (usually denoted as PNCs or PQDs) show obvious excitonic features with enhanced photoluminescence (PL) properties due to the well-known size-dependent quantum confinement effects. [14][15][16][17] The combination of color saturated emissions, super high quantum yield (QY), as well as easy processing inspired the intensive exploration of PNCs as light emitters, which is now under spotlights in the field of optical materials.The first perspective aim of PNCs is to alternate the state-of-the-art CdSe or InP quantum dots (QDs) as new generation luminescence materials. [18,19] As shown in Figure 1, these QD materials have been well demonstrated to be potential functional components for photonic and optoelectronic applications, and are currently on the way to industrialization. [20][21][22][23] Specifically, QDs can be employed as fluorescence labels, [24] laser gain media, [25] LED phosphors, [26] and down-shifting films for LCD backlights. [27,28] They can also be processed into thin film for optoelectronic devices including solar cells, [29] photodetectors, [30,31] transistors [32] and LEDs. [33] The PNCs outcompete these conventional QDs in terms of narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) and low fabrication cost, but most importantly, the ease of in situ preparation. [34,35] Herein, this progress report highlight the developments of in situ fabricated PNCs.Colloidal semiconductor QDs are typically synthesized ex situ in flasks by hot injection method, stabilized by surface ligands. [36][37][38][39] To incorporate such solution based materials into applications usually requires purification, redispersion and surface engineering. For instance, ligand exchange is often employed to disperse QDs into aimed solvent, inducing defects that inevitably derogating the PLQYs. [40] Moreover, the organic ligands themselves also suffer from the risk of disabsorbing, reducing the stability of the QDs and thus the final devices. [41] Because halide perovskite are ionic compounds that can be well dissolved into polar solvents, PNCs can be fabricated through either ex situ routes in flask or in situ strategies on substrates. The in situ fabricated PNCs are adaptable to devices integration due to their scalable and low-cost manufacturing. In this regard, more and more efforts have been made in terms of the controlling synthesis, physical properties and device applications of PNC materials.After over 30 years of development, colloidal quantum dots have now become mature luminescent materials in photonic and optoelectronic operations and start to hit the market. The emerging perovskite nanocrystals are expected to promote large-scale commercialization due to their superior optical properties as well as low cost and easy fabrication. This progress report is focused on the...

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Fully Printed Halide Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with Silver Nanowire Electrodes

Cited by 262 publications

References 31 publications

Mixtures of quasi-two and three dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic semiconducting perovskites for single layer LED

Mixtures of quasi-two and three dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic semiconducting perovskites for single layer LED

Metal halide perovskite light emitters

In Situ Fabricated Perovskite Nanocrystals: A Revolution in Optical Materials

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