“…The transcription method was used in conjunction with modified equinoctial elements (MEE), to retrieve the minimum-fuel path from an initial Ariane 5 elliptic Earth parking orbit to a final elliptic polar lunar orbit with periapse above the lunar south pole. Most recently, Pérez-Palau and Epenoy [18] developed an indirect optimal control approach for minimum-fuel trajectories from LEO to different lunar orbits in the Sun-Earth-Moon bicircular restricted four-body problem. Other effective strategies for the preliminary analysis of minimum-fuel Earth-Moon orbit transfers were proposed by Mingotti, Topputo, and Bernelli-Zazzera [19,20], by Zhang, Topputo, Bernelli-Zazzera, and Zhao [21], and by Ozimek and Howell [22], leveraging lowthrust in conjunction with invariant manifolds [23], in the framework of the CR3BP.…”