“…In the last two decades, the surface modification of commercial TiO 2 (Degussa P25, d $ 30 nm) with benzene derivatives mainly catechol [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and salicylic acid [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] has been studied. Several papers have investigated CT complex formation between catecholate [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] and salicylate [27,[36][37][38]40,41] type ligands and colloidal TiO 2 nanoparticles (d $ 45 Å), where the binding of modifiers induces the surface reconstruction of the nanoparticles.…”