SummaryAlthough the transactional model of the stress process (Lazarus, 1966(Lazarus, , 1993 Folkman, 1984, 1987) continues to be utilized in a signi®cant amount of stress research, much of the current literature on job stress focuses on pinpointing objective stressors. This paper examines Lazarus' transactional appraisal approach and includes a speci®c discussion of the process by which employees' attributions regarding stressors and the resulting emotions signi®cantly in¯uence their choices of coping mechanisms.Given that a single work event can be interpreted in a variety of ways, the role of individuals' cognitive processing is being ignored by much of the current empirical stress research. This paper examines and highlights the importance of the cognitive and emotional components within the organizational stress process.