Frontotemporal dementia: a neurophysiological study

Stasio, Flavio Di; Berardelli, Alfredo

doi:10.18632/aging.101604

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a frequent dementia type in individuals below the age of 65, and usually leads to death in less than 10 years. It is characterized by neurodegeneration in the frontal and/or temporal lobes, with a wide array of atrophy patterns, and symptom constellations that include personality alterations, behavioral disorders and language and executive function impairments [58,59]. The main recognized subtypes are the behavioral variant (bvFTD), featuring lack of inhibition, compulsive behavior, personality changes, and Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA), a syndrome that mostly affects language skills.…”

Section: Frontotemporal Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main recognized subtypes are the behavioral variant (bvFTD), featuring lack of inhibition, compulsive behavior, personality changes, and Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA), a syndrome that mostly affects language skills. PPA has three recognized subtypes: the non-fluent/agrammatic variant (nfvPPA), the semantic variant-primary progressive aphasia (svPPA), and the logopenic variant (LPPA) [59,60]. Behavioral and psychological symptoms are usually treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and atypical antipsychotics, but no treatment is available for the cognitive deficits [58].…”

Section: Frontotemporal Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias

et al. 2021

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Dementia is a debilitating impairment of cognitive functions that affects millions of people worldwide. There are several diseases belonging to the dementia spectrum, most prominently Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), Lewy body dementia (LBD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe, non-invasive form of brain stimulation that utilizes a magnetic coil to generate an electrical field and induce numerous changes in the brain. It is considered efficacious for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders. In this paper, we review the available studies involving rTMS in the treatment of these dementia types. The majority of studies have involved AD and shown beneficial effects, either as a standalone, or as an add-on to standard-of-care pharmacological treatment and cognitive training. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seems to hold a central position in the applied protocols, but several parameters still need to be defined. In addition, rTMS has shown potential in mild cognitive impairment as well. Regarding the remaining dementias, research is still at preliminary phases, and large, randomized studies are currently lacking.

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Section: Frontotemporal Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Frontotemporal Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias

et al. 2021

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“…(For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.) demonstrated that Parkinsonism may lead to changes in a number of TMS parameters that probe M1 facilitation [21,22]. However, the similarities in the neurophysiological abnormalities between patients with and those without Parkinsonism allowed us to exclude that this clinical syndrome affects responses to the linguistic task.…”

Section: Neurophysiological Abnormalities In Ftdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then compared the neurophysiological results in nfv-PPA patients with those in bv-FTD. As approximately 20% of FTD patients may also manifest clinical signs of Parkinsonism [20], which is known to affect intrinsic M1 activity [21,22], we also compared responses in patients with and without Parkinsonism. Another relevant issue is the possible pathophysiological link between alterations in speech-related cortical network activation and the structural changes in associative WM bundles and GM regions involved in language processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered speech-related cortical network in frontotemporal dementia

Berardelli

Fabbrini²,

Guerra³

et al. 2020

Brain Stimulation

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Background: In healthy subjects (HS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) demonstrated an increase in motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes during specific linguistic tasks. This finding indicates functional connections between speech-related cortical areas and the dominant primary motor cortex (M1). Objective: To investigate M1 function with TMS and the speech-related cortical network with neuroimaging measures in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), including the non-fluent variant of primary progressive aphasia (nfv-PPA) and the behavioral variant of FTD (bv-FTD). Methods: M1 excitability changes during specific linguistc tasks were examined using TMS in 24 patients (15 with nfv-PPA and 9 with bv-FTD) and in 18 age-matched HS. In the same patients neuroimaging was used to assess changes in specific white matter (WM) bundles and grey matter (GM) regions involved in language processing, with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Results: During the linguistic task, M1 excitability increased in HS, whereas in FTD patients it did not. M1 excitability changes were comparable in nfv-PPA and bv-FTD. DTI revealed decreased fractional anisotropy in the superior and inferior longitudinal and uncinate fasciculi. Moreover, VBM disclosed GM volume loss in the left frontal operculum though not in the parietal operculum or precentral gyrus. Furthermore, WM and GM changes were comparable in nfv-PPA and bv-FTD. There was no correlation between neurophysiological and neuroimaging changes in FTD. Atrophy in the left frontal operculum correlated with linguistic dysfunction, assessed by semantic and phonemic fluency tests. Conclusion: We provide converging neurophysiological and neuroimaging evidence of abnormal speechrelated cortical network activation in FTD.

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Frontotemporal dementia: a neurophysiological study

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias

Altered speech-related cortical network in frontotemporal dementia

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