Front end optimization for the monolithic active pixel sensor of the ALICE Inner Tracking System upgrade

Kim, D.; Rinella, G. Aglieri; Cavicchioli, C.; Chanlek, Narong; Değerli, Y.; Dorokhov, A.; Flouzat, C.; Gajanana, D.; Gao, C.; Guilloux, F.; Hillemanns, H.; Hristozkov, S.; Junique, Antoine Jean-Simon; Keil, M.; Kofarago, M.; Kugathasan, T.; Kwon, Y.; Lattuca, A.; Mager, M.; Sielewicz, K. M.; Tobon, C. A. Marin; Marras, D.; Martinengo, P.; Mazza, G.; Mugnier, H.; Musa, L.; Pham, T.H.; Puggioni, C.; Reidt, F.; Riedler, P.; Rousset, J.; Siddhanta, S.; Snoeys, W.; Song, Minkyu; Usai, G. L.; Hoorne, J. W. Van; Yang, P.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/02/c02042

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The small sensor capacitance yields a very high input signal equal to 15 mV for the Most Probable Value (MPV) ≈ 1500 e − . The high input signal to noise ratio can be exploited by a compact, non-conventional, low power front-end derived from the ALPIDE chip [13], that has been optimized for fast timing performance to meet the 25ns requirement. TJ-Monopix chip layout is shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Tj-monopix Chip Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS monolithic pixel sensors based on the column-drain architecture for the HL-LHC upgrade

Moustakas

Barbero

Berdalovic

et al. 2019

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) constitute a promising low cost alternative for the outer layers of the ATLAS experiment Inner Tracker (ITk). Realizations in modern, high resistivity CMOS technologies enhance their radiation tolerance by achieving substantial depletion of the sensing volume. Two DMAPS prototypes that use the same "column-drain" readout architecture and are based on different sensor implementation concepts named LF-Monopix and TJ-Monopix have been developed for the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hardon Collider (HL-LHC) . LF-Monopix was fabricated in the LFoundry 150 nm technology and features pixel size of 50x250 µm 2 and large collection electrode opted for high radiation tolerance. Detection efficiency up to 99% has been measured after irradiation to 1 · 10 15 n eq /cm 2 . TJ-Monopix is a large scale (1x2 cm 2 ) prototype featuring pixels of 36x40 µm 2 size. It was fabricated in a novel TowerJazz 180 nm modified process that enables full depletion of the sensitive layer, while employing a small collection electrode that is less sensitive to crosstalk. The resulting small sensor capacitance (<= 3 f F) is exploited by a compact, low power front end optimized to meet the 25ns timing requirement. Measurement results demonstrate the sensor performance in terms of Equivalent Noise Charge (ENC) ≈ 11e − , threshold ≈ 300 e − , threshold dispersion ≈ 30 e − and total power consumption lower than 120 mW/cm 2 .

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Section: Tj-monopix Chip Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS monolithic pixel sensors based on the column-drain architecture for the HL-LHC upgrade

Moustakas

Barbero

Berdalovic

et al. 2019

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…The estimated detector capacitance is less than 5 fF, almost two orders of magnitude smaller than LF-MonoPix. The small detector capacitance allows the use of a very compact and low power FE circuit derived from the ALPIDE chip [18], the schematic of which is sketched in Figure 4 (right). The signal charge is integrated on the capacitance of the input node PI X_I N. It is noted that the low capacitance leads to large voltage excursion at the input node.…”

Section: Lf-monopixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depleted fully monolithic CMOS pixel detectors using a column based readout architecture for the ATLAS Inner Tracker upgrade

Wang¹,

Barbero²,

Berdalovic³

et al. 2018

J. Inst.

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A: Depleted monolithic active pixel sensors (DMAPS), which exploit high voltage and/or high resistivity add-ons of modern CMOS technologies to achieve substantial depletion in the sensing volume, have proven to have high radiation tolerance towards the requirements of ATLAS in the high-luminosity LHC era. Depleted fully monolithic CMOS pixels with fast readout architectures are currently being developed as promising candidates for the outer pixel layers of the future ATLAS Inner Tracker, which will be installed during the phase II upgrade of ATLAS around year 2025. In this work, two DMAPS prototype designs, named LF-MonoPix and TJ-MonoPix, are presented. LF-MonoPix was designed and fabricated in the LFoundry 150 nm CMOS technology, and TJ-MonoPix has been designed in the TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS technology. Both chips employ the same readout architecture, i.e. the column drain architecture, whereas different sensor implementation concepts are pursued. The design of the two prototypes will be described. First measurement results for LF-MonoPix will also be shown. K: Depleted monolithic CMOS pixels, particle tracking detectors (solid-state detectors), Front-end electronics for detector readout, VLSI circuit 1Corresponding author.

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“…After promising results on prototypes [3], two large scale DMAPS with almost identical pixel geometry and analogue front end derived from the ALICE ITS chip ALPIDE [4,5] were produced in a 180 nm imaging CMOS process modified to fully deplete the sensitive layer [6]: TJ MALTA uses a novel asynchronous pixel matrix readout and TJ Monopix a more common column-drain architecture. This work presents first results with the MALTA chip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the monolithic "MALTA" CMOS sensor for the ATLAS ITK outer pixel layer

Hiti¹,

Argemi²,

Tortajada³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics — PoS(TWEPP2018)

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Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) are an option for the outermost layer of the upgraded ATLAS ITk Pixel Detector at the CERN LHC. Two large size DMAPS named TJ MALTA and TJ Monopix were produced in a 180 nm CMOS imaging process in a small collection electrode design. The TJ MALTA chip combines a low power front end with a novel matrix readout design to achieve a low power consumption of < 80 mW/cm 2 . Threshold values of ≈ 250 e − with a dispersion of ≈ 30 e − and an ENC of < 10 e − can be achieved before irradiation which is consistent with the results from TJ Monopix. Test beam measurements indicate an average efficiency of 96 % before irradiation, with the inefficiency mainly due to a non fully functional masking scheme, forcing operation at relatively high thresholds. After neutron irradiation to 1 × 10 15 n eq /cm 2 the efficiency in pixel centres is retained, but it is reduced in pixel corners. A proposal to improve charge collection in the corners is backed up by TCAD simulations and promises an improved performance with small modifications.

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Front end optimization for the monolithic active pixel sensor of the ALICE Inner Tracking System upgrade

Cited by 34 publications

References 8 publications

CMOS monolithic pixel sensors based on the column-drain architecture for the HL-LHC upgrade

CMOS monolithic pixel sensors based on the column-drain architecture for the HL-LHC upgrade

Depleted fully monolithic CMOS pixel detectors using a column based readout architecture for the ATLAS Inner Tracker upgrade

Development of the monolithic "MALTA" CMOS sensor for the ATLAS ITK outer pixel layer

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