From a virtuous cycle of rural-urban education to urban-oriented rural basic education in China: An explanation of the failure of China’s Rural School Mapping Adjustment policy

Rao, Jing; Ye, Jingzhong

doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.07.005

Cited by 53 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Since 2000, two notable trends have emerged in Chinese primary and secondary education. First, unbalanced development and massive urban migration has created a significant and widening rural-urban divide in which rural schools face tremendous challenges, including shortages of qualified teachers, educational resources, and parental involvement (Li & Ranieri, 2013;Rao & Ye, 2016). Compared to their urban peers, rural students who achieve less at school have fewer college entrance opportunities (Wang et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2018).…”

Section: China's Primary and Secondary Education Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

K-12 Students’ Online Learning Experiences during COVID-19: Lessons from China

Zuo

et al. 2021

Front Educ China

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Online learning has become the new educational pattern during the COVID-19 pandemic and is likely to supplement conventional schooling in the post-pandemic world. Lacking prior online learning experiences, the population of K-12 students deserves our special attention. Using purposeful sampling, this study investigated K-12 online learning experiences in China based on a large-scale survey ( N = 118,589). Leveraging both quantitative and qualitative evidence, this study supported online learning as a flexible alternative to conventional schooling in emergency situations with a discussion of its benefits and limitations, and revealed key findings regarding K-12 students’ online learning pattern, experiences, and engagement, as well as the influencing factors. The research findings can inform the future design and implementation of online learning programs in primary and secondary schools.

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Section: China's Primary and Secondary Education Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

K-12 Students’ Online Learning Experiences during COVID-19: Lessons from China

Zuo

et al. 2021

Front Educ China

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“…Poor families failed to send their children to better schools because of high fees. This also made the government to abolish the school fees for compulsory basic education (Rao & Ye, 2016;Donzuso, 2015).…”

Section: International Journal Of Research Studies In Education 59mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating the rural-urban disparities in Chinese compulsory basic education

Kihwele¹,

Taye²,

Sang³

2019

IJRSE

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This review paper highlights the Chinese education context in rural areas and discusses some of the initiatives taken by the government in addressing the issue of disparity in accessing quality education. In particular, the review paper reflects the status of compulsory basic education in rural China from 1990s onwards, government support in rural schools and the initiatives to mitigate the rural-urban disparities. Few initiatives by the government to tackle rural-urban disparities include but not limited to government's commitment to the national policy of education, Free Normal Education Policy (FNE) of 2007, teacher mobility policy implemented from 2010 to 2020, compulsory school merger program in 2000, rural school mapping adjustment policy of 2001, abolishing Hukou system as well as compulsory basic education.

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“…Due to the increase in the distance to school, students have frequent accidents on their way to school, and such problems are particularly serious in underdeveloped areas [40,41]. What is more, the reduction in the number of schools has not only failed to effectively integrate educational resources to allow improvement in teaching quality, but has also led to a large number of educational resources moving to the cities and further increasing the inequality of inter-regional education [42].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of North and South: Balanced and Sustainable Development of Primary Education in Ningxia, China

et al. 2018

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Education is the driving force of social development, while regional differences have restricted the balance of educational development. This paper provides a political and geospatial analysis of regional inequality across the province from 1990-2015 under a comparative spatiotemporal conceptual framework. Great differences in terms of the distribution and dynamic changes in primary school were found between southern and the northern Ningxia. The southern region has a large number of primary schools with a sharp reduction in these numbers, especially in recent years, while the north has a small but stable number of schools. Spatial accessibility analyses revealed that due to the imbalance between the south and the north, the spatial accessibility of the southern region is much worse than that of the northern region. Our study found the imbalance in the number and spatial distribution of primary schools in the north and south of Ningxia was formed because of multiple factors of policy, geography, and social-economy. The government has pursued a policy of promoting education fairness. However, neglecting differences between north and south, on the contrary, has brought negative effects to the south, worsened the educational environment, and increased education inequities. Our case study in the Ningxia district demonstrates that this research can provide a practical basis for the formulation of policies to guide the rational planning of primary education in Ningxia and/or other similar areas.

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From a virtuous cycle of rural-urban education to urban-oriented rural basic education in China: An explanation of the failure of China’s Rural School Mapping Adjustment policy

Cited by 53 publications

References 22 publications

K-12 Students’ Online Learning Experiences during COVID-19: Lessons from China

K-12 Students’ Online Learning Experiences during COVID-19: Lessons from China

Mitigating the rural-urban disparities in Chinese compulsory basic education

A Tale of North and South: Balanced and Sustainable Development of Primary Education in Ningxia, China

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