Friction of diamond-like carbon films in different atmospheres

Andersson, Joakim; Erck, R.A.; Erdemir, Ali

doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(03)00336-3

Cited by 278 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This ultra-low friction is thought to be generated by forming very thin and weak tribofilm at the mixed lubrication condition. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Martin et al proposed the possible mechanism of the super low friction was the forming water layer by the tribochemical reaction between ta-C and glycerol. [28][29][30][31][32][33] In this paper, the formation of water and acid was indicated as one possible chemical reaction for glycerol, as shown in (a) (a) (b) (b) For the oleic acid test, the water can be supplied from the ambient air.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Friction Property of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating Films and Oxygen Transmission Ratio of Amorphous Carbon Films Deposited by Advanced Coating Processes

Watanabe¹,

Kano²,

Yoshida³

et al. 2012

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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The topics of the applied technology of amorphous carbon film to reduce friction using diamond-like carbon (DLC) coated by the vacuum arc ion plating process and to improve the gas barrier property using the amorphous carbon film by the atmospheric pressure plasma process are introduced with the basic experimental results. For reducing friction, the super low friction coefficient below 0.01 has been found when the tetrahedral amorphous carbon coating deposited by T-shape filtered arc deposition method [ta-C(T)] was evaluated the friction property under oleic acid lubrication at pure sliding condition. It was thought that the low share strength tribofilm composed of water and oleic acid mono-layer seemed to be formed on the sliding interface. For gas barrier performance, the amorphous carbon film deposited by the atmospheric pressure plasma chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate was improved the oxygen transmission ratio (OTR) around 30% compared with that of uncoated PET substrate. These advanced performance obtained by the optimum material combination of DLC with lubricant and the original atmospheric pressure plasma CVD technique are expected to be applied on the actual application for the different types of the industrial fields in near future. #

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Friction Property of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating Films and Oxygen Transmission Ratio of Amorphous Carbon Films Deposited by Advanced Coating Processes

Watanabe¹,

Kano²,

Yoshida³

et al. 2012

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…Owing to the considerable amount of research, it is well-known that the tribological behavior of a DLC film depends on various factors such as atmospheric conditions [1][2][3][4][5][6], counter-materials [7][8][9], and the type of lubricant [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In particular, the tribological behavior of a DLC film is governed by graphitization of the DLC film under dry sliding conditions [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Raman Observation of the Graphitization Process of Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Diamond-Like Carbon under Boundary Lubrication in Poly-Alpha-Olefin with an Organic Friction Modifier

et al. 2017

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The graphitization process of a tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) film under lubrication was investigated using a laboratory-built in situ Raman tribometer. The coating was lubricated with poly-alpha-olefin (PAO), PAO with an added friction modifier (FM), glycerol mono-oleate (GMO). Friction tests were carried out using a ball-on-disk setup, in which a 19-mm diameter ta-C-coated ball was loaded and rubbed against a steel disk that was immersed in a lubricant solution. In situ optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to monitor the graphitization process and wear tracks of the ta-C-coated ball. Raman analysis was conducted on the rubbed surface of the rotating ta-C-coated ball when it was located under an objective lens every three minutes during sliding. In this study, the degree of graphitization of the ta-C surface was estimated by calculating the intensity ratio of the D-peak and G-peak (ID/IG) in the Raman spectra of the ta-C film during friction tests with different lubricants. All our results suggest that the friction modifier inhibits the progression of graphitization of DLC films by reducing friction, in other words, reducing the contact temperature, and the wear progression of DLC films under boundary lubrication can be induced by graphitization of DLC surfaces at the sliding contact.

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“…Several studies have proved that the presence of hydrogen, oxygen and other environmental species in diamond-like carbon (DLC) testing environments affects the tribological behaviour of DLC wear in water [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The hydrogen content of DLC coatings shows low friction in inert environments due to very low adhesive forces between the fully hydrogen-terminated sliding surfaces of these carbon coatings which, as proposed by Erdemir [1,3], are not applicable when DLC slides in a water environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Andersson et al reported that the friction of hydrogenated DLC under varying water pressure is controlled by the water molecules that are adsorbed onto the DLC surfaces, which could change the interaction to a dipole-like one, increasing the adhesive forces and hence, the friction [5]. Studies conducted by J. Anderson et al in a high vacuum environment with various added gases also found that the presence of oxygen molecules slightly increased the friction coefficient of hydrogenated carbon films as compared to that in the hydrogen-free DLC [2], indicating the sensitivity of hydrogenated DLC to water and oxygen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth Profile of Oxygen of Diamond-Like Carbon Sliding under Pressurized Hot Water

et al. 2017

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The wear mechanism of diamond-like carbon (DLC) in hot, pressurized water has been studied by the oxygen depth profile of DLC films pre and post a sliding test. The sliding test between DLC films coated on chromium molybdenum steel (JIS SCM420) pins and austenitic stainless steel (JIS SUS316) plates was conducted in a water environment by using high temperatures of 100, 200, 250 and 300°C and a high-pressured (10 MPa) autoclave friction tester. The dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) was 0.52 mg/L for oxygen-poor water and 40 mg/L for oxygen-rich water. The experimental results showed that the specific wear rate of DLC was strongly related to the water temperature and the DO concentration. The specific wear rate in both cases of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich water showed a temperature dependency. When the temperature was below 200°C, the specific wear rate of DLC did not depend on the DO concentration. On the other hand, when the water temperature was more than 200°C, the specific wear rate drastically increased with the DO concentration. In order to prove the effect of oxidation on the wear rate of DLC, the depth profile of the oxygen concentration was compared to that of the carbon concentration on the inside and outside of the wear scar of DLC after sliding tests in hot, pressurized water. When the concentration of DO in the water was low at 0.52 mg/L, the O/C ratio was not affected by the water temperature. On the other hand, when the concentration of DO in water was high at 40 mg/L, the O/C ratio of the top surface increased from 0.05 to 0.18 with an increase in the water temperature on the inside of the wear scar of DLC, where the O/C ratio on the inside of the wear scar was higher than that on the outside of the scar. On the basis of the estimated rate of reaction between DLC and oxygen, determined from a linear relationship between ln (Oxidation wear volume) and the inverse temperature, it was concluded that the oxidation of DLC governed the wear of DLC in hot, pressurized water. Friction was found to enhance the oxidation wear of DLC from the estimated activation energy.

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Friction of diamond-like carbon films in different atmospheres

Cited by 278 publications

References 27 publications

Low Friction Property of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating Films and Oxygen Transmission Ratio of Amorphous Carbon Films Deposited by Advanced Coating Processes

Low Friction Property of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating Films and Oxygen Transmission Ratio of Amorphous Carbon Films Deposited by Advanced Coating Processes

In Situ Raman Observation of the Graphitization Process of Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Diamond-Like Carbon under Boundary Lubrication in Poly-Alpha-Olefin with an Organic Friction Modifier

Depth Profile of Oxygen of Diamond-Like Carbon Sliding under Pressurized Hot Water

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