Frequency-resolved optical gating capable of carrier-envelope phase determination

Abstract

Recent progress of the coherent light synthesis technology has brought the generation of single-cycle pulses within our reach. To exploit the full potential of such a single-cycle pulse in any applications, it is highly important to obtain the full information of its electric field. Here we propose a novel pulse characterization scheme, which enables us to determine not only the intensity and phase profiles of ultrashort pulses but also their absolute carrier-envelope phase values. The method is based on a combination of frequency-resolved optical gating and electro-optic sampling, which can be extended to a self-referencing scheme to determine the electric field evolution of few-cycle ultrashort pulses. We have experimentally demonstrated the technique to characterize sub-single-cycle infrared pulses, and numerically studied the capability of the scheme to incorporate a self-referencing technique and to extend the wavelength range to visible region.

Real-time observation of single-cycle pulse waveforms by using FROG capable of CEP determination with pulse-front tilt

“…The FROG-CEP does not need attosecond pulses, and it is even capable to incorporate a self-referencing technique. We have demonstrated the characterization of sub-single-cycle pulse waveforms with the method [5].In this contribution, we report the demonstration of real-time waveform measurement of single-cycle infrared pulses by using FROG-CEP. To monitor the single-cycle waveforms in real-time, we have used a gas as a low dispersive nonlinear medium and pulse-front tilt to map the delay of the FROG measurement onto transverse position on the plane where the nonlinear interaction occurs.…”

“…One of the most famous such methods is attosecond streaking [4]. However, attosecond pulse generation is not a common technology yet, and the number of groups which can properly handle attosecond pulses is limited.Recently, we have proposed a new pulse characterization concept, frequency-resolved optical gating capable of CEP determination (FROG-CEP) [5]. The method is based on FROG combined with electro-optic sampling (EOS).…”

“…Recently, we have proposed a new pulse characterization concept, frequency-resolved optical gating capable of CEP determination (FROG-CEP) [5]. The method is based on FROG combined with electro-optic sampling (EOS).…”

Development and Application of Sub-Cycle Mid-Infrared Source Based on Laser Filamentation

“…After the publication of the sub-cycle MIR pulse generation scheme in 2013, the authors have developed a new waveform characterization scheme, frequency-resolved optical gating capable of carrier-envelope phase determination (FROG-CEP), and succeeded in characterizing the field oscillation of the sub-cycle MIR pulse [25,26].…”

Cross-Correlation Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating for Test-Pulse Characterization Using a Self-Diffraction Signal of a Reference Pulse

“…XFROG is also used in characterizing ultrashort pulses generated by four-wave mixing (FWM) in a bulk medium [19], and ultrashort pulse trains [20]. Recently, methods to extract the information of a carrier envelope phase were reported [21,22]. The phase-matching bandwidth of XFROG is extremely wide, and a few fs optical pulse can be measured when a properly selected nonlinear medium is employed.…”