Frequency of obsessive and compulsive symptoms in patients with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm

Munhoz, Renato P.; Teive, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni; Coletta, Marcus Vinicius Della; Germiniani, Francisco Manoel Branco; Iwamoto, Fábio M.; Camargo, Carlos Henrique Ferreira; Werneck, Lineü Cesar

doi:10.1590/s0004-282x2005000200004

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Despite improvement of dystonic manifestations due to the treatment, patients with BSP show higher levels of depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms and, in general, a worse quality of life, than patients with HFS ( Scheidt et al, 1996 ; Broocks et al, 1998 ; Tucha et al, 2001 ; Tan et al, 2005 , 2006 ; Hall et al, 2006 ; Barahona-Corrêa et al, 2011 ; Fontenelle et al, 2011 ; Setthawatcharawanich et al, 2011 ; Lehn et al, 2014 ). Nonetheless, few authors do not report differences in obsessive-compulsive symptoms between the two diseases ( Hall et al, 2005 ; Munhoz et al, 2005 ; Fontenelle et al, 2011 ). The findings of worse psychological symptoms in BSP than HFS might be related to the presence of more severe visual impairment and ophthalmological pain ( Martino et al, 2005 ) with consequences on everyday life ( Reimer et al, 2005 ; Hall et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings of worse psychological symptoms in BSP than HFS might be related to the presence of more severe visual impairment and ophthalmological pain ( Martino et al, 2005 ) with consequences on everyday life ( Reimer et al, 2005 ; Hall et al, 2006 ). However, it might also be ascribed to dysfunction of the cortico-subcortical circuits (i.e., cortico-striatal circuitry comprising fronto-orbital and cingulate structures) that are typically involved in mood disorders ( Broocks et al, 1998 ; Munhoz et al, 2005 ; Reimer et al, 2005 ; Barahona-Corrêa et al, 2011 ; Conte et al, 2016 ). Studies investigating psychological variables in patients with ST, undergoing BoNTA treatment, report that the most common psychological symptoms manifested by these patients are anxiety ( Wenzel et al, 1998 ; Gündel et al, 2003 ), depression ( Jahanshahi and Marsden, 1988 ; Pekmezovic et al, 2009 ; Fabbrini et al, 2010 ), and social embarrassment accompanied by social avoidance ( Jahanshahi, 1991 ; Comella and Bhatia, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual Well-Being in Patients with Blepharospasm, Spasmodic Torticollis, and Hemifacial Spasm: A Pilot Study

Perozzo¹,

Salatino

Cerrato

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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Mood, anxiety, and other psychological symptoms are common in dystonic patients suffering from blepharospasm (BSP) and spasmodic torticollis (ST). Since sexual well-being is an important aspect of mental health, here, we investigated whether these patients may also experience a worsening of their sexual life. In particular, quality of sexual life was evaluated in patients suffering from BSP (N = 30), ST (N = 30), and in a control group of patient with Hemifacial spasm (HFS; N = 30), undergoing botulinum toxin type A therapy. A group of 30 age-matched healthy volunteers constituted an additional control group. Patients were evaluated just before the periodic injection of botulinum toxin. Sexual functioning was assessed using the Sexual Functioning Inventory, a reduced form of the Golombok Rust Inventory, previously employed in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Depression (Beck Depression Inventory) and anxiety (STAI-X1/X2) were also assessed. Results revealed that sexual functioning was significantly affected in patients with BSP, ST, and HFS with respect to healthy controls. Dystonic patients manifested more sexual dysfunction than patients with HFS. Overall, females had a poorer quality of sexual life than males and, among females, women with BSP were the most dysfunctional. Psychological symptoms were present in patients with dystonia, but not in patients with HFS. As discussed in the paper, several factors might be taken into account to explain worse quality of sexual life in patients with dystonia compared to patients with hemifacial spasm. Among them an important role might be played by the central origin of dystonia pathophysiology (i.e., altered activity of cortico-striato-thalamic-cortical circuits). Future investigations are necessary to further explore these preliminary findings, considering that this is the first time that sexual well-being is evaluated in patients with BSP, ST, and HFS, and comparable data are not available.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Well-Being in Patients with Blepharospasm, Spasmodic Torticollis, and Hemifacial Spasm: A Pilot Study

Perozzo¹,

Salatino

Cerrato

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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“…6 The mean annual incidence is 0.81 per 100,000 women and 0.74 per 100,000 men. Because of this low incidence, there are few studies comparing the efficacy of different therapies 7 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Treatment of hemifacial spasm with botulinum toxin type a: effective, long lasting and well tolerated

Batisti

Kleinfelder

Galli

et al. 2017

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a craniofacial movement disorder characterized by involuntary contractions of the muscles on one side of the face 1 . The most common site for the contractures is the orbicularis oculi muscle, but the corrugator supercilii, frontalis muscle, orbicularis oris, zygomaticus major and platysma can also be affected 2 . The condition is believed to be mainly due to a peripheral dysfunction of the facial nerve, occasionally associated with nerve compression by a blood vessel or tumor 3,4 . The pathophysiology, however, has yet to be fully elucidated as the condition can occur in the absence of structural alterations 3 . In a recent study, Wilkinson and Kaufmann 5 showed that HFS may be associated with central nervous system changes. Accordingly, one previous study from our group found similar profiles of obsessive and psychiatric symptoms in cases of HFS and blepharospasm, which is recognized as a movement disorders of A total of 550 BTX-A injections were administered to 100 HFS patients. Results: Mean duration of improvement following each injection session was 3.1 months, mean latency to detection of improvement was 7.1 days and mean success rate was 94.7%. Patients were evaluated at an interval of 5.8 months after each application. Adverse effects, which were mostly minor, were observed in 37% of the patients at least once during follow-up. The most frequent was ptosis (35.1%). Conclusion: Treatment of HFS with BTX-A was effective, sustainable and safe and had minimal, well-tolerated side effects.

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“…Most case‐control studies failed to use specific rating scales for obsessive‐compulsive symptoms (OCS) or relied on small heterogeneous samples, including focal, generalized, and secondary dystonia 18. Two of five studies that used controls with peripheral neurological disorders (to control for the effects of functional impairment on psychopathology) found more intense OCS in PFD 14, 15, 19–21. Three of the studies that used healthy controls also found higher OCS scores in PFD 22–24.…”

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confidence: 99%

Obsessive‐compulsive symptoms in primary focal dystonia: A controlled study

Barahona-Corrêa

Bugalho

Guimarães³

et al. 2011

Movement Disorders

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Primary focal dystonia is an idiopathic neurological disorder causing involuntary muscle contraction. Its pathophysiology probably involves the basal ganglia and cortical-basal pathways. Primary dystonia appears to be associated with significant obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but evidence remains scarce and contradictory. We addressed the following research questions: (1) Do primary dystonia patients have high obsessive-compulsive symptom scores? (2) Are these symptoms more severe in dystonia than in controls with equivalent peripheral neurological disorders? and (3) Is psychopathology different in botulinum toxin-treated and -untreated dystonia patients? This work was a cross-sectional, descriptive, controlled study comprising 45 consecutive patients with primary focal dystonia (i.e., blepharospasm, spasmodic torticollis, or writer's cramp) 46 consecutive patients with hemifacial spasm, cervical spondylarthropathy, or carpal tunnel syndrome, and 30 healthy volunteers. Assessment included the DSM-IV based psychiatric interview, Symptom Checklist 90R, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale and Checklist, and the Unified Dystonia Rating Scale. Dystonia patients had higher Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom scores than both control groups. Dystonia patients with obsessive-compulsive symptom scores above cut-off for clinical significance predominantly developed hygiene-related symptoms. Major depression and generalized anxiety disorder were the most frequent psychiatric diagnoses in primary focal dystonia. Obsessive-compulsive disorder frequency was 6.7%. Primary focal dystonia patients have higher obsessive-compulsive symptom scores than individuals with similar functional disabilities resulting from other neurological disorders, suggesting that obsessive-compulsive symptoms in dystonia are not reactive to chronic disability. Dystonic muscle contractions and obsessive-compulsive symptoms may share a common neurobiological basis related to cortical-basal dysfunction. Psychopathology, especially obsessive-compulsive symptoms, should be actively explored and treated in primary focal dystonia.

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Frequency of obsessive and compulsive symptoms in patients with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Sexual Well-Being in Patients with Blepharospasm, Spasmodic Torticollis, and Hemifacial Spasm: A Pilot Study

Sexual Well-Being in Patients with Blepharospasm, Spasmodic Torticollis, and Hemifacial Spasm: A Pilot Study

Treatment of hemifacial spasm with botulinum toxin type a: effective, long lasting and well tolerated

Obsessive‐compulsive symptoms in primary focal dystonia: A controlled study

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