Frequency and determinants of white coat hypertension in mild to moderate hypertension A primary care-based study

Martínez, María Antonia

doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(98)00262-3

Cited by 91 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Previous studies have associated an increased prevalence of white coat hypertension with female sex, 4,49,50 particularly when measured by a male. 6,51 This review also associated larger white coat effects with female than with male subjects, although the data did not allow unravelling of the interplay between sex of clinician and patient.…”

Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Doctors record higher blood pressures than nurses: systematic review and meta-analysis

Clark

Horvath²,

Taylor³

et al. 2014

Br J Gen Pract

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Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Doctors record higher blood pressures than nurses: systematic review and meta-analysis

Clark

Horvath²,

Taylor³

et al. 2014

Br J Gen Pract

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“…Better-treated BP levels could not explain the differences either, because mean SBP and proportion with SBP Ն160 mm Hg were higher in women than in men. However, women generally have white-coat hypertension more often than men, 26,27 and this could weaken the MA-mortality association. Compared with men, the lipid profile in women was more favorable with higher mean HDL level and a lower proportion had known CVD, indicating that women had a generally lower CV risk at baseline than men.…”

Section: Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalbuminuria and All-Cause Mortality in Treated Hypertensive Individuals

et al. 2003

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Background-In hypertensive individuals, few prospective studies are available in which the association between microalbuminuria (MA) and all-cause mortality in the 2 sexes have been studied within the same population. Methods and Results-We conducted a 4.3-year follow-up of 2307 men and 3062 women (Ն20 years old) with self-reported treated hypertension, all identified in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), Norway, 1995Norway, to 1997. The main outcome measures were relative risk (RR) of all-cause mortality according to increasing albuminuria, defined at different levels of albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). There was a consistent positive association between increasing ACR and all-cause mortality in men. The adjusted RR for ACR in the fourth quartile (Ն1.70 mg/mmol) was 1.6 (95% CI, 1.0 to 2.6), compared with ACR in the first quartile (Ͻ0.55 mg/mmol). The corresponding RR in women was 1.5 (95% CI, 0.8 to 3.1). We found a positive association between mortality and increasing number of urine samples with ACR above different cutoff levels, especially in men. In 3 urine samples, the lowest ACR level associated with mortality in men was 0.86 mg/mmol, RR 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1 to 2.4). The sex differences persisted after exclusion of those who died during the first year of follow-up, those with hypertension not treated optimally, and those with known cardiovascular disease. Conclusions-The association between ACR and all-cause mortality was stronger in treated hypertensive men than in women. The persistent sex differences indicate that hypertensive women tolerate MA better than men and that MA in women should be interpreted differently than in men.

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“…At present, however, it remains a matter of controversy because its risk profile and clinical relevance are not yet completely clear. Some studies have shown that white coat hypertension is not associated with target organ damage, 3-9 clustering of risk factors (eg hypercholesterolaemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin resistance), [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and adverse cardiovascular outcome. [15][16][17] On the other hand, different results have been obtained in other reports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating homocysteine levels in sustained and white coat hypertension

et al. 2003

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Although white coat hypertension has been widely studied in the last years, its risk profile is not yet completely clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating homocysteine levels, an emerging cardiovascular risk factor, in subjects with white coat and sustained hypertension. We selected 31 sustained hypertensive subjects, 31 white coat hypertensive subjects and 31 normotensive subjects matched for age, gender, body mass index and occupation. Women were also matched for menopausal status. Subjects with smoking habit, dyslipidaemia and diabetes mellitus were excluded from the study. White coat hypertension was defined as clinical hypertension and daytime ambulatory blood pressure o135/85 mmHg. Blood samples were drawn after a fasting period of 12 h for routine laboratory tests and homocysteine determination. Homocysteine levels were evaluated by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Creatinine, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides were not different among the groups. White coat hypertensive subjects had significantly lower homocysteine levels than sustained hypertensive patients (8.2 7 2.0 vs 12.6 7 3.9 lmol/l, P ¼ 0.0003). No significant difference was observed between white coat hypertensive and normotensive subjects regarding this parameter (8.2 7 2.0 vs 7.6 7 1.9 lmol/l, P ¼ 0.9). In conclusion, our data show that middle-aged white coat hypertensive subjects without other cardiovascular risk factors have lower circulating homocysteine levels than sustained hypertensive patients suggesting that they are at lower cardiovascular risk.

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Frequency and determinants of white coat hypertension in mild to moderate hypertension A primary care-based study

Cited by 91 publications

References 31 publications

Doctors record higher blood pressures than nurses: systematic review and meta-analysis

Doctors record higher blood pressures than nurses: systematic review and meta-analysis

Microalbuminuria and All-Cause Mortality in Treated Hypertensive Individuals

Circulating homocysteine levels in sustained and white coat hypertension

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