Freqüência de diarréia em bezerros mestiços sob diferentes condições de manejo na região do médio Paraíba Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais

Botteon, Rita de Cássia Campbell Machado; Botteon, Paulo de Tarso Landgraf; Júnior, Juracy de Castro Borba Santos; Pinna, Melissa Hanzen; Loss, Zelson Giacomo

doi:10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2008.26712

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Dentre esses casos destacaram--se as enfermidades que cursam com diarreia representando 60,9% dos casos (25/41). Tem sido mencionado que as principais causas de morte de bezerros até 30 dias são as diarreias que podem ser de etiologia viral, bacteriana, parasitária e alimentar (Botteon et al 2008). A partir dos seis meses observou-se que as parasitoses por nematódeos gastrintestinais foram as principais enfermidades do trato digestivo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Enfermidades diagnosticadas em bezerros na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul

et al. 2013

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 33(4): 423-430, abril 2013 423 RESUMO.-O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a frequência das enfermidades que ocorrem em bovinos até um ano de idade na área de influência do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD) da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) estabelecendo os principais fatores epidemiológicos associados à ocorrência dessas enfermidades. Foram revisados os protocolos de necropsias realizadas e de materiais de bovinos até um ano de idade, encaminhados ao LRD/UFPel entre 2000 e 2011. Em 35,6% dos casos, os bezerros eram de raças leiteiras e em 33,98% eram animais de raças de corte, 18,3% dos ABSTRACT.-Assis-Brasil N.D., Marcolongo-Pereira C., Hinnah F.L., Ladeira S.R.L., Sallis E.S.V., Grecco F.B. & Schild A.L. 2013. [Diseases diagnosed in calves in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Enfermidades diagnosticadas em bezerros na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33 (4): [423][424][425][426][427][428][429][430]. The aim of this study was to report the frequency of diseases affecting cattle under one year of age in the area of influence of the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory (LRD) of the Veterinary School of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), establishing the main epidemiological factors associated with the occurrence of these diseases. The necropsy protocols and protocols of mailed in tissues from cattle under one year of age, submitted during 2000-2011 to LRD/UFPel for diagnosis, were reviewed. In 35.6% of the cases, the calves were of dairy breeds, 33.9% were beef calves, 18.3% were of mixed breed, and in 12.1% of the cases the breed was not informed. The organ systems most affected were the central nervous system (22.7%), digestive tract (18.6%) and respiratory system (16.8%). The diagnoses were divided by age groups: 88 calves were 1-90 days of age, 42 were 4-6 months, 32 were 7-9 months, and 44 cattle were 10-12 months of age. The disease most often diagnosed in 1 to 90-day-old calves were pneumonia, malformations and encephalitis/meningoencephalitis, with 19.3%, 15.9% and 11.3% of cases respectively. In 4 to 6-month-old calves, pneumonia occurred in 16.5% of cases, and blackleg and diarrhea accounted for 7.1% of diagnoses each. In 7 to 9-month-old calves the most frequent diseases were pneumonia and tetanus with 9.3% of cases, and babesiosis and gastrointestinal parasitosis with 6.2% each. In 10 to 12-month-old calves, infection by BoHV-5 represented 13.6% of cases, and pneumonia, rabies and parasitosis was observed in 9% of cases each. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that infectious diseases related to the respiratory system were important causes of mortality in calves of all ages until 12 months in the area of influence of LRD and their occurrence may be influenced by environmental factors and by management. Encephalitis/meningoencephalitis were also important as cause of mortality in 3-month-old calves.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Enfermidades diagnosticadas em bezerros na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul

et al. 2013

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“…This growth lead to a solid system for raising heifers, aiming herd replacement; however, producers are still facing some challenges, such as high neonatal mortality. The main cause of early death of calves is diarrhea, mainly caused by infective agents (3)(4)(5). Some authors have described diarrhea as the leading cause of death in calves due to dehydration (3,5) during the first two weeks of life up to 3-4 months of age (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main cause of early death of calves is diarrhea, mainly caused by infective agents (3)(4)(5). Some authors have described diarrhea as the leading cause of death in calves due to dehydration (3,5) during the first two weeks of life up to 3-4 months of age (5). Environmental factors, nutritional issues and infectious agents are usually involved in cases of diarrhea as the protozoa Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…La principal causa de muerte temprana en terneros es la diarrea, causada principalmente por agentes infecciosos (3)(4)(5). Algunos autores han descrito que la deshidratación por diarrea es la principal causa de muerte en terneros (3,5) durante las primeras dos semanas de vida hasta los 3-4 meses de edad (5). Los factores ambientales, los problemas nutricionales y los agentes infecciosos tales como los protozoarios Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros: identificación de factores de riesgo para la infección

Volpato¹,

Tonin²,

Machado³

et al. 2017

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of gastrointestinal protozoa in dairy calves and to identify potential risk factors for this type of infection. Materials and methods. For this purpose, 243 fecal samples were collected from calves up to 60 days of age in 43 dairy farms located in the West region of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Samples were examined by centrifugal-flotation technique. Results. As a result, Giardia was present in 26.75% (65/243) of all samples, Eimeria in 21.81% (53/243), and Cryptosporidium in 20.99% (51/243). Additionally, 46.50% (113/243) of the samples were negative for any protozoa, while 39.10% (95/243) and 14.40% (35/208) showed single and mixed infections, respectively. There was a higher association between Cryptosporidium and Giardia (6.99%) in cases of mixed infections. However, the triple protozoa association had the lowest prevalence in mixed infections (2.06%). Epidemiologically, a questionnaire was applied to determine risk factors for these parasitic infections. Based on the statistical model applied, some risk factors for Cryptosporidium infections were identified, highlighting feeding management, period of time that calves stayed with their mothers (cows), and contact with dogs; the risk of contracting Giardia increased according to the milk source, while the floor type bedding, and age were appointed as risks factors for Eimeria. Conclusions. Therefore, it is possible to confirm that Giardia, Cryptosporidium and Eimeria may infect dairy calves, and the knowledge of some risk factors associated to their infection in calves.Keywords: Cryptosporidium spp., dairy cattle, Eimeria spp, Giardia spp., parasitic diseases (Source: CAB, MeSH). RESUMENObjetivo. El objetivo evaluar la ocurrencia de protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros y de identificar posibles factores de riesgo para infección. Materiales y métodos. Se recogieron 243 muestras de heces de terneros de hasta 60 días de edad en 43 granjas lecheras ubicadas en la región del oeste del estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Las muestras fueron examinadas por la técnica de centrifugación-flotación. Resultados. Como resultado, Giardia estaba presente en 26.75% (65/243) de todas las muestras, Eimeria en 21.81% (53/243), y Cryptosporidium en 20.99% (51/243). DOI: doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1027 5911 Además, 46.50% (113/243) de las muestras fueron negativas para cualquier protozoos, mientras que 39.10% (95/243) y 14.40% (35/208) mostraron infecciones simples y mixtas, respectivamente. Hubo una mayor asociación entre Cryptosporidium y Giardia (6.99%) en los casos de infecciones mixtas. Sin embargo, la asociación de triple protozoos tenía la menor prevalencia de infecciones mixtas (2.06%). Epidemiológicamente, se aplicó un cuestionario para determinar los factores de riesgo para estas infecciones parasitarias. Se han identificado algunos factores de riesgo de infecciones por Cryptosporidium, destacando manejo de la alimentación, periodo de tiempo que los terneros permanecieron con sus madres (vacas), y el...

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“…The type of calf housing system was also related to mortality and diarrhea in newborn calves (BOTTEON et al, 2008;MACHADO NETO et al, 2004). In Brazil, to minimize the health problems related to calf housing systems, some dairy farms use individual outdoor calf hutches, which have several advantages, such as protection against excessive rain and sun, ease of cleaning and movement, and the avoidance of moisture accumulation (OLIVEIRA et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for diarrhea in a cohort of dairy heifer calves reared in individual outdoor hutches in Piraí, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Fagundes

Vidal

Alves³

et al. 2016

SCA

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This study aimed to evaluate the association between diarrhea and risk factors potentially related to diarrhea incidence, such as Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Eimeria and nematode infection, animal age, failure to transfer passive immunity, type of fertilization (artificial insemination - AI, in vitro production of embryos - IVP and natural breeding), mother (heifer/cow) and birth weight of heifer calves reared in individual outdoor hutches on a dairy farm. The database used in the present study refers to a weekly survey of a cohort of 118 heifer calves from birth to 100 days of age. A logistic generalized additive model (GAM) was fit to evaluate the functional relationship between the risk of diarrhea occurrence and birth weight. For analysis purposes, the database was divided into calves up to 30 days old and calves 31 to 100 days old. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models via generalized estimating equations. All variables were included in the models and were removed oneby-one according to Wald statistics to obtain the final model. The relative risks (RR) and their respective 90% confidence intervals were estimated. The final model for calves up to 30 days old showed that IVP [RR=0.33 (90% CI 0.14; 0.75)] is a protective factor and that Cryptosporidium spp. infection [RR=1.95 (90% CI 1.22; 3.12)] is a risk factor. Although not statistically significant [RR=1.46 (90% CI 0.98; 2.18)], failure to transfer passive immunity increases the risk of diarrhea. The final model for calves 31 - 100 days old showed that IVP [RR=0.50 (90% IC 0.28; 0.89)] and birth weight ? 40 kg [RR=0.65 (90% CI 0.47; 0.89)] are protective factors. In this age group, Cryptosporidium spp. infection has no statistical significance [RR=1.25 (90% CI 0.95; 1.64)]. These results indicate that some of the diarrhea episodes observed in animals up to 30 days old could be explained by Cryptosporidium infection; therefore, better monitoring of these animals is recommended. Greater care in colostrum administration is suggested because animals with hypoglobulinemia are more sensitive to diarrhea occurrence. Although attention should be given to all animals with a low birth weight, special care should be given to those 31 to 100 days old.

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Freqüência de diarréia em bezerros mestiços sob diferentes condições de manejo na região do médio Paraíba Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Enfermidades diagnosticadas em bezerros na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Enfermidades diagnosticadas em bezerros na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros: identificación de factores de riesgo para la infección

Risk factors for diarrhea in a cohort of dairy heifer calves reared in individual outdoor hutches in Piraí, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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