Freely Dissolved Pore Water Concentrations and Sorption Coefficients of PAHs in Spiked, Aged, and Field-Contaminated Soils

Laak, Thomas L. ter; Barendregt, and Arjan; Hermens, Joop L. M.

doi:10.1021/es0524548

Cited by 101 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Results are listed in Table 4-11, and Figure 4-4 shows the fit of all data. The partition coefficients of the selected PAHs used in the present study are comparable to those measured by Ter Laak et al 48 with a maximum difference of 0.34 log units and minimum of -0.01 log units. Two fiber-exposure methods were employed in this study.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

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Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Reible¹,

Lotufo²

2012

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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGEPrescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Department of Defense, Executive Services and Communications Directorate (0704-0188). Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. The goal of the project was to develop and standardize a procedure using field deployable solid phase microextraction (SPME) for the measurement of freely-dissolved porewater concentrations of hydrophobic organics and demonstrate the relationship of these measurements to contaminant flux, bioavailability and bioaccumulation. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM 139Danny Reible 512-471-4642Reset ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OBJECTIVES OF THE DEMONSTRATIONThe goal of the project was to develop and standardize a procedure using field deployable solid phase microextraction (SPME) for the measurement of freely-dissolved porewater concentrations of hydrophobic organics and demonstrate the relationship of these measurements to contaminant flux, bioavailability and bioaccumulation.Specific objectives of the PDMS technology for hydrophobic organic compounds include:Determination of mobile and available contaminants in sediments Assessment of bioaccumulation potential in benthic organisms Assessment of vertical chemical profiles in surficial sediments and sediment capsThe work was conducted in sediments both in laboratory and field testing. Laboratory testing allows sediments to be collected and tested in the laboratory, avoiding problematic field deployments where placement and retrieval is too difficult or costly. This testing also allows coupling of availability measurements with laboratory bioassays under controlled conditions avoiding the difficulties and variability of field bioassays. The field testing allows determination of availability and cap performance under conditions that might not be reproducible in the laboratory. All porewater measurements herein were measured in-situ (i.e. in sediments whether field or lab) and require no porewater separation from the sediments prior to analysis. TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTIONIn-situ solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a passive sampling approach for measuring hydrophobic organic contaminants in porewater and involves the insertion of a polymer sorbent into the sediments, withdrawal after a period of time, preferably after achievement of equilibrium, and measuring the contaminants sorbed to the polymer. The contaminant conc...

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The observed log K oc s were compared to the log K oc s predicted from equilibrium partition model based on a correlation with log K ow (log K oc =0.903*1og K ow +0.094) 30 . The results are illustrated in 48,60 . However, the deviations for PCBs were much smaller (within a factor of 10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Reible¹,

Lotufo²

2012

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“…Results are listed in Table 1, and Figure 1 shows the fit of all data. The partition coefficients of the selected PAHs used in the present study are comparable to those measured by Ter Laak et al [19] with a maximum difference of 0.34 log units and minimum of À0.01 log units. Two fiber-exposure methods were employed in the present study.…”

Section: Bioaccumulation Studiessupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The equilibrium partition model overpredicted the porewater concentrations by up to two orders of magnitude, e.g., for BbF, BkF, and BaP in Anacostia River sediment. Similar extensive deviations of PAH porewater concentrations in fieldcontaminated sediments had been observed by many researchers [19,35]. However, the deviations for PCBs were much smaller (within a factor of 10).…”

Section: Porewater Concentrations By Matrix-spmesupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Several chemical techniques have been developed to overcome these limitations and detect freely dissolved water concentrations. These approaches include equilibrium dialysis [10], gas purging [11], alum flocculation to remove colloids [12], and passive samplers such as semipermeable membranes [13], Empore disks [14], polyoxymethylene solid phase [15], polyethylene (PE) [16], and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) [3,[17][18][19]. Passive sampling has also been used as a direct biological surrogate, because tissue concentrations show a strong linear correlation with fiber concentrations [5,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting bioavailability of PAHs and PCBs with porewater concentrations measured by solid‐phase microextraction fibers

Skwarski

Drake³

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was measured in the deposit-feeding oligochaete Ilyodrilus templetoni exposed for 28 d to Anacostia River sediment (Washington, DC, USA) and to an initially uncontaminated sediment from Brown Lake (Vicksburg, MS, USA) sequentially diluted with 3 to 25% contaminated New Bedford Harbor sediment (New Bedford, MA, USA). The Anacostia River sediment studies represented exposure to a historically contaminated sediment with limited availability, whereas exposure to the other sediment included both the historically contaminated New Bedford Harbor sediment and fresh redistribution of contaminants into the Brown Lake sediments. Organism tissue concentrations did not correlate with bulk sediment concentrations in the Anacostia River sediment but did correlate with the sequentially diluted sediment. Porewater concentrations measured via disposable solid-phase microextraction fiber (SPME) with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), however, correlated well with organism uptake in all sediments. Bioaccumulation was predicted well by a linear relationship with the product of porewater concentration and compound octanol-water partition coefficient (Anacostia, slope = 1.08, r² = 0.76; sequentially diluted sediments, slope = 1.24, r² = 0.76). The data demonstrate that the octanol-water partition coefficient is a good indicator of the lipid-water partition coefficient and that porewater concentrations provide a more reliable indicator of bioaccumulation in the organism than sediment concentrations, even when the route of uptake is expected to be via sediment ingestion.

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Development of thin layer polymers to concentrate and detect aquatic contaminants

Lyons

Hassett

Flach

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and a poly(DMS-styrene) block copolymer were compared as extraction and optical detection media for hydrophobic compounds in water and water/ethanol solutions. Partitioning to both polymers increased exponentially with increased percent water in ethanol. Partition coefficients to the copolymer were 10-30-fold higher than to PDMS. Ultraviolet absorbance spectra of pyrene showed a 4-nm red-shift in copolymer versus PDMS, providing evidence of p-p interactions, accounting for greater partitioning. The extinction coefficient coefficient of pyrene at 334 nm was twice as high in the copolymer as in PDMS. The combination of higher affinity for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with higher absorbance make poly(DMS-styrene) copolymers promising material for extraction and in situ detection of hydrophobic aromatic compounds in water.

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Freely Dissolved Pore Water Concentrations and Sorption Coefficients of PAHs in Spiked, Aged, and Field-Contaminated Soils

Cited by 101 publications

References 52 publications

Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Predicting bioavailability of PAHs and PCBs with porewater concentrations measured by solid‐phase microextraction fibers

Development of thin layer polymers to concentrate and detect aquatic contaminants

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