Free-flow electrophoresis as a preparative separation technique

Roman, Mark; Brown, Phyllis R.

doi:10.1021/ac00074a001

Cited by 89 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…EP has been mainly utilized for particle purification [87][88][89][90] and separation [83,[91][92][93][94][95][96]. It has advantages of ease of particle manipulation and simplicity [24,27].…”

Section: Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Technology for Cell Manipulation

Kwon

2018

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: Microfluidic manipulation techniques not only improve the efficiency and reliability of biological/clinical analysis, but also further enable the development of a high-performance bioassay system. Abstract: Microfluidic techniques for cell manipulation have been constantly developed and integrated into small chips for high-performance bioassays. However, the drawbacks of each of the techniques often hindered their further advancement and their wide use in biotechnology. To overcome this difficulty, an examination and understanding of various aspects of the developed manipulation techniques are required. In this review, we provide the details of primary microfluidic techniques that have received much attention for bioassays. First, we introduce the manipulation techniques using a sole driving source, i.e., dielectrophoresis, electrophoresis, optical tweezers, magnetophoresis, and acoustophoresis. Next, we present rapid electrokinetic patterning, a hybrid opto-electric manipulation technique developed recently. It is introduced in detail along with the underlying physical principle, operating environment, and current challenges. This paper will offer readers the opportunity to improve existing manipulation techniques, suggest new manipulation techniques, and find new applications in biotechnology.

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Section: Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Technology for Cell Manipulation

Kwon

2018

Applied Sciences

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“…The four common ones are free-flow zone electrophoresis (FFZE), free-flow IEF (FFIEF), free-flow ITP (FFITP), and free-flow field step electrophoresis (FFFSE) [14,15].…”

Section: Ffe Modes and Related Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniaturizing free‐flow electrophoresis – a critical review

et al. 2008

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Free-flow electrophoresis (FFE) separation methods have been developed and investigated for around 50 years and have been applied not only to many types of analytes for various biomedical applications, but also for the separation of inorganic and organic substances. Its continuous sample preparation and mild separation conditions make it also interesting for online monitoring and detection applications. Since 1994 several microfluidic, miniaturized FFE devices were developed and experimentally characterized. In contrast to their large-scale counterparts microfluidic FFE (mu-FFE) devices offer new possibilities due to the very rapid separations within several seconds or below and the requirement for sample volumes in the microliter range. Eventually, these mu-FFE systems might find application in so-called lab-on-a-chip devices for real-time monitoring and separation applications. This review gives detailed information on the results so far published on mu-FFE chips, comprising its four main modes, namely free-flow zone electrophoresis (FFZE), free-flow IEF (FFIEF), free-flow ITP (FFITP), and free-flow field-step electrophoresis (FFFSE). The principles of the different FFE modes and the basic underlying theory are given and discussed with special emphasis on miniaturization. Different designs as well as fabrication methods and applied materials are discussed and evaluated. Furthermore, the separation results shown indicate that similar separation quality with respect to conventional FFE systems, as defined by the resolution and peak capacity, can be achieved with mu-FFE separations when applying much lower electrical voltages. Furthermore, innovations still occur and several approaches for hyphenated, more integrated systems have been proposed so far, some of which are discussed here. This review is intended as an introduction and early compendium for research and development within this field.

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“…The main obstacles to the development of a simple electrophoretic system for cell separations include: cell sedimentation/gravity; heat production and thermal convection; and factors which contribute to droplet sedimentation, pH instability and changes in electric conductivity. Such factors are associated with the good resolution of electrophoretically separated cells in free-flow apparatus under microgravity conditions [4,29,50,51].…”

Section: Dye Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrophoretic methods are relatively cheap, and simple and effective for the separations of ions, low molecular weight molecules (for example dyes, amino acids, nucleotides), proteins and nucleic acids [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Microscopic observations of individual cells undergoing electrophoresis have been extensively applied in research concerning the electrochemical surface properties of cells and/or cellular organelles [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method for the preperative and analytical electrophoresis of cells

Wilk¹,

Rośkowicz²,

Korohoda³

2006

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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Abstract:In this paper, a new method is described for the horizontal electrophoresis of cells on a density cushion under near-isopycnic conditions. When cell sedimentation is minimized, the electrophoresis of red blood cells (RBC) used as model cells within an anti-convective porous matrix (with pores over 300 μm in diameter) was capable of separating a mixture of human and chicken RBC according to their electrophoretic mobilities. Samples taken from the separated RBC bands show over 90% purity for each species. The simultaneous electrophoresis of several RBC samples carried out under identical conditions permitted the use of comparative data based on the electrophoretic mobility of cells which differ in their surface properties. We believe that this relatively simple system, in which cell sedimentation and convection are minimized, has the potential to be modified and adapted for the separation of other cell types/organelles.

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Free-flow electrophoresis as a preparative separation technique

Cited by 89 publications

References 34 publications

Microfluidic Technology for Cell Manipulation

Microfluidic Technology for Cell Manipulation

Miniaturizing free‐flow electrophoresis – a critical review

A new method for the preperative and analytical electrophoresis of cells

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