Fracture of the glenoid fossa and dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa

Mandibular Condyle Dislocation Into the Middle Cranial Fossa: A Case Report and Review of Literature

“…Furthermore, the mandible usually fractures in the subcondylar region, thus acting as a "safety mechanism." 3,4,16,18,20 Other factors that prevent penetration are the meniscus together with the contiguous muscle structures help to dissipate the impact force. 16 Additionally, impact with the presence of an intact posterior occlusion may help to absorb a lot of the impact force.…”

“…4,17,25,32 The overall aim of any treatment is the reduction of the condyle to minimize permanent cerebral complications 10 and to restore occlusion without temporomandibular ankylosis. 2,3,5,6,9,[11][12][13]15,16,18,19,21,29 According to Melugin et al, 14 the treatment of this injury, as with all trauma, should be individualized and should take into account the age of injury, the growth potential of the patient, the degree of glenoid fossa destruction, the risk of ankylosis, the risk of additional intracranial injury, the restoration of the posterior facial height, and the restoration of function. Condylar entrapment because of superiorly displaced bony fragments of the glenoid fossa may occur during attempted forced reduction of the condyle.…”

“…According to literature, closed reduction was successfully performed by manual reduction, 11,26 by upward pressure on the chin using a mouth prop in the molar region to act as a leaver, 29 and by slow elastic tractions with dental splints. 6 After closed reduction, many authors have used a period of intermaxillary fixation either with rigid wires or elastic traction for 10 to 14 days 2,3,12,17,18,20,26,30,31 to prevent a recurrence of dislocation, to maintain the occlusion, and to avoid joint ankylosis. Ihalainen and Tasanen 11 postulated that, in young patients without additional fractures, no intermaxillary fixation is needed.…”

“…1 Fracture of the glenoid fossa with a mandibular condyle dislocation into the middle skull base is a rare event. [2][3][4] Structural variance is considered to be the determinant for this kind of fracture. 5 Steinhauser 6 proved experimentally that the central part of the glenoid fossa is the weakest part of the skull base.…”

Fracture in the chin area: An unusual case of mandibular torus fracture

“…12 This in turn causes the chin to be exposed to direct impact, with transmission of the kinetic energy of the blow to the mandible and temporomandibular joint. As a result, such trauma can produce fractures of the symphysis, 1 condyles, 4-6 glenoid fossa 13 or even the cervical spine. 14 The existence of a mandibular torus is not as infrequent as may be thought.…”