Forward and backward recall: Different visuospatial processes when you know what’s coming

Guitard, Dominic; Saint‐Aubin, Jean; Poirier, Marie; Miller, Leonie M; Tolan, Georgina Anne

doi:10.3758/s13421-019-00966-w

Cited by 14 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…In fact, serial position (of items within the whole list) were also cued spatially both during study and during recall. Thus, their outcome could have been due to explicit position cueing at study and test, similar to what was found by Guitard, Saint-Aubin, Poirier, Miller, and Tolan (2019).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Importantly, the backward recall condition revealed that the benefit of grouping was driven by output order rather than input order. Foreknowledge (in Experiment 1, compared to Experiment 2) did not change this characteristic of the result (resembling the effect of word length reported by Surprenant et al (2011) but differing from the effect of spatial manual tapping reporting by Guitard et al (2019)). This provided a clue that the most likely locus of the advantage of temporal grouping is during recall rather than during study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…In recent years, there has been an accelerating interest in comparing backward serial recall with forward serial recall. Results seem split as to whether a given experimental manipulation is consistent between recall directions (e.g., Bireta et al, 2010;Guitard et al, 2019;Manning & Pacifici, 1983) or dissociates recall directions (e.g., Baker et al, 2012;Olivia et al, 2018;Guitard et al, 2019;Li & Lewandowsky, 1993;1995;Madigan, 1971;Norris et al, 2019;Richardson, 2007;Ritchie et al, 2015;Surprenant et al, 2011;Thomas et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal grouping and direction of serial recall

Liu

Caplan

2020

Mem Cogn

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When lists are presented with temporal pauses between groups of items, participants' response times reiterate those pauses. Accuracy is also increased, especially at particular serial positions. By comparing forward with backward serial recall, we tested whether the influence of temporal grouping is primarily a function of serial position or output position. Results favored the latter, both when recall direction was known to participants prior to (Experiment 1) or only after (Experiment 2) studying each list. Alongside fits of variants of a temporal distinctiveness-based model, our findings suggest that the influence of temporal grouping is not just a consequence of grouping information stored during the study phase. Rather, it critically depends on participants cueing with within-chunk position during recall, combined with response suppression.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal grouping and direction of serial recall

Liu

Caplan

2020

Mem Cogn

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“…There are also concerns that backward recall uses different retrieval processes than forward spans (DAS‐2 Recall of Digits Backward; Li & Lewandowsky 1995; Guitard et al . 2020). As this is one of the most common verbal working memory measures (Numminen et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the restricted number of standardised clinical assessments in this domain and working memory required to complete the tasks (see Methods section), these subtests were included and indeed fared reasonably well in analyses. There are also concerns that backward recall uses different retrieval processes than forward spans (DAS-2 Recall of Digits Backward; Li & Lewandowsky 1995;Guitard et al 2020). As this is one of the most common verbal working memory measures (Numminen et al 2001;Basten et al 2018), we determined it was appropriate to include in the evaluation of measures despite the limitations with backward recall retrieval processes.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating working memory outcome measures for children with Down syndrome

Schworer

Esbensen

Fidler

et al. 2021

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background There is a critical need for the psychometric evaluation of outcome measures to be used in clinical trials targeting cognition in Down syndrome (DS). This study examines a specific cognitive skill that is of particular importance in DS, working memory, and the psychometric properties of a set of standardised measurements to assess working memory in individuals with DS. Methods Ninety children and adolescents ages 6 to 18 years old with DS were assessed on a selection of verbal and visuospatial working memory subtests of standardised clinical assessments at two time points to examine feasibility, distributional qualities, test–retest reliability and convergent validity against a priori criteria. Caregivers also completed an adaptive behaviour questionnaire to address working memory subtests' associations with broader developmental functioning. Results The Stanford Binet‐5 Verbal Working Memory, Differential Ability Scales‐2 Recognition of Pictures, Stanford Binet‐5 Nonverbal Working Memory and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children‐5 Picture Span measures met the most psychometric criteria overall across the full age and IQ range of the study. Although Differential Ability Scales‐2 Recall of Sequential Order and Differential Ability Scales‐2 Recall of Digits Backward met the fewest a priori criteria, follow‐up analyses suggested greater feasibility in specific age and IQ ranges. Conclusions Several working memory measures appear to be psychometrically sound and appropriate for use in clinical trials for children with DS, especially when focusing on raw scores. However, floor effects on standard scores and feasibility of some measures were problematic. Guidelines for use of the working memory subtests with this population are provided.

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