Forming the system of health insurance in the Russian Federation

Systematic Analysis of Literature on the Healthcare Financial Models to Follow in Russia and Romania

“…These have served as an incentive for the involvement of market regulators in the work of medical organizations, which has led to a “significant increase in their prospects of attracting additional sources of funding through the provision of paid medical services” [ 38 ]. This includes a complex relationship between different organizations created over time and the participants involved the system [ 39 ]. It is made up of two levels: national and regional.…”

“…The first, mandatory healthcare insurance, which replaced budget financing, “covers most of the types of medical care provided to the population” [ 43 ]. It was rolled out in 1991 under the strong lobbying influence of market forces: “insurers will compete with each other for the insured and under the so-called competitive model of compulsory health insurance” [ 39 ]. The second is paid, carried out at the expense of citizens and enterprises.…”

“…Social-insurance in Russia has its merits, the essence of which is that “the supplementary medical insurance program, insurance fee on the part of the insured” can lead to an increased quality of healthcare implemented by competing insurers. [ 39 ]. First, the existing ways of using the funds accumulated in this system are functionally heterogeneous: “some implement the functions of insurance, some-social assistance, and some a combination of these functions” [ 43 ].…”

“…The Russian government collects funds from all levels: “federal, regional and municipal” [ 39 ]. In addition to public sources in financing healthcare are used the personal funds of the population; the funding of employers for the treatment of their employees; the funds allocated to the health sector by nonprofit institutions serving the population, and others [ 53 ].…”

“…Speaking of the transition to another healthcare model, scholars from Russia and Romania debated more or less the same issues about the financing models adopted by these countries. These models are considered with a low level of confidence, which have led to unstable results [ 12 , 39 , 40 , 43 , 52 , 54 , 59 , 61 , 77 ]. For the Russian situation, it is revealed that there is a lack of performing management and modern technologies used in healthcare services.…”

Systematic Analysis of Literature on the Healthcare Financial Models to Follow in Russia and Romania

“…These have served as an incentive for the involvement of market regulators in the work of medical organizations, which has led to a “significant increase in their prospects of attracting additional sources of funding through the provision of paid medical services” [ 38 ]. This includes a complex relationship between different organizations created over time and the participants involved the system [ 39 ]. It is made up of two levels: national and regional.…”

“…The first, mandatory healthcare insurance, which replaced budget financing, “covers most of the types of medical care provided to the population” [ 43 ]. It was rolled out in 1991 under the strong lobbying influence of market forces: “insurers will compete with each other for the insured and under the so-called competitive model of compulsory health insurance” [ 39 ]. The second is paid, carried out at the expense of citizens and enterprises.…”

“…Social-insurance in Russia has its merits, the essence of which is that “the supplementary medical insurance program, insurance fee on the part of the insured” can lead to an increased quality of healthcare implemented by competing insurers. [ 39 ]. First, the existing ways of using the funds accumulated in this system are functionally heterogeneous: “some implement the functions of insurance, some-social assistance, and some a combination of these functions” [ 43 ].…”

“…The Russian government collects funds from all levels: “federal, regional and municipal” [ 39 ]. In addition to public sources in financing healthcare are used the personal funds of the population; the funding of employers for the treatment of their employees; the funds allocated to the health sector by nonprofit institutions serving the population, and others [ 53 ].…”

“…Speaking of the transition to another healthcare model, scholars from Russia and Romania debated more or less the same issues about the financing models adopted by these countries. These models are considered with a low level of confidence, which have led to unstable results [ 12 , 39 , 40 , 43 , 52 , 54 , 59 , 61 , 77 ]. For the Russian situation, it is revealed that there is a lack of performing management and modern technologies used in healthcare services.…”

Systematic Analysis of Literature on the Healthcare Financial Models to Follow in Russia and Romania

“…These have served as an incentive for the involvement of market regulators in the work of medical organizations, which has led to a “significant increase in their prospects of attracting additional sources of funding through the provision of paid medical services” [ 38 ]. This includes a complex relationship between different organizations created over time and the participants involved the system [ 39 ]. It is made up of two levels: national and regional.…”

“…The first, mandatory healthcare insurance, which replaced budget financing, “covers most of the types of medical care provided to the population” [ 43 ]. It was rolled out in 1991 under the strong lobbying influence of market forces: “insurers will compete with each other for the insured and under the so-called competitive model of compulsory health insurance” [ 39 ]. The second is paid, carried out at the expense of citizens and enterprises.…”

“…Social-insurance in Russia has its merits, the essence of which is that “the supplementary medical insurance program, insurance fee on the part of the insured” can lead to an increased quality of healthcare implemented by competing insurers. [ 39 ]. First, the existing ways of using the funds accumulated in this system are functionally heterogeneous: “some implement the functions of insurance, some-social assistance, and some a combination of these functions” [ 43 ].…”

“…The Russian government collects funds from all levels: “federal, regional and municipal” [ 39 ]. In addition to public sources in financing healthcare are used the personal funds of the population; the funding of employers for the treatment of their employees; the funds allocated to the health sector by nonprofit institutions serving the population, and others [ 53 ].…”

“…Speaking of the transition to another healthcare model, scholars from Russia and Romania debated more or less the same issues about the financing models adopted by these countries. These models are considered with a low level of confidence, which have led to unstable results [ 12 , 39 , 40 , 43 , 52 , 54 , 59 , 61 , 77 ]. For the Russian situation, it is revealed that there is a lack of performing management and modern technologies used in healthcare services.…”

Systematic Analysis of Literature on the Healthcare Financial Models to Follow in Russia and Romania

“…These have served as an incentive for the involvement of market regulators in the work of medical organizations, which has led to a “significant increase in their prospects of attracting additional sources of funding through the provision of paid medical services” [ 38 ]. This includes a complex relationship between different organizations created over time and the participants involved the system [ 39 ]. It is made up of two levels: national and regional.…”

“…The first, mandatory healthcare insurance, which replaced budget financing, “covers most of the types of medical care provided to the population” [ 43 ]. It was rolled out in 1991 under the strong lobbying influence of market forces: “insurers will compete with each other for the insured and under the so-called competitive model of compulsory health insurance” [ 39 ]. The second is paid, carried out at the expense of citizens and enterprises.…”

“…Social-insurance in Russia has its merits, the essence of which is that “the supplementary medical insurance program, insurance fee on the part of the insured” can lead to an increased quality of healthcare implemented by competing insurers. [ 39 ]. First, the existing ways of using the funds accumulated in this system are functionally heterogeneous: “some implement the functions of insurance, some-social assistance, and some a combination of these functions” [ 43 ].…”

“…The Russian government collects funds from all levels: “federal, regional and municipal” [ 39 ]. In addition to public sources in financing healthcare are used the personal funds of the population; the funding of employers for the treatment of their employees; the funds allocated to the health sector by nonprofit institutions serving the population, and others [ 53 ].…”

“…Speaking of the transition to another healthcare model, scholars from Russia and Romania debated more or less the same issues about the financing models adopted by these countries. These models are considered with a low level of confidence, which have led to unstable results [ 12 , 39 , 40 , 43 , 52 , 54 , 59 , 61 , 77 ]. For the Russian situation, it is revealed that there is a lack of performing management and modern technologies used in healthcare services.…”