Formation of Palm Oil Cultivation in Para’s Amazon

Nahum, João Santos; Santos, Leonardo Sousa dos; Santos, Cleison Bastos dos

doi:10.4215/rm2020.e19007

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In the Americas, the first oil palm plantations were established in Honduras and Costa Rica and currently the largest industries are in Colombia and Ecuador, although Brazil is also expanding its production (Corley and Tinker 2015 ; Murphy 2019 ; Nahum et al 2020 ). South and Central America are considered as favourable areas for oil palm development due to their theoretical ability to produce palm oil.…”

Section: Structure Of the Oil Palm Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil palm in the 2020s and beyond: challenges and solutions

2021

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Background Oil palm, Elaeis guineensis, is by far the most important global oil crop, supplying about 40% of all traded vegetable oil. Palm oils are key dietary components consumed daily by over three billion people, mostly in Asia, and also have a wide range of important non-food uses including in cleansing and sanitizing products. Main body Oil palm is a perennial crop with a > 25-year life cycle and an exceptionally low land footprint compared to annual oilseed crops. Oil palm crops globally produce an annual 81 million tonnes (Mt) of oil from about 19 million hectares (Mha). In contrast, the second and third largest vegetable oil crops, soybean and rapeseed, yield a combined 84 Mt oil but occupy over 163 Mha of increasingly scarce arable land. The oil palm crop system faces many challenges in the 2020s. These include increasing incidence of new and existing pests/diseases and a general lack of climatic resilience, especially relating to elevated temperatures and increasingly erratic rainfall patterns, plus downstream issues relating to supply chains and consumer sentiment. This review surveys the oil palm sector in the 2020s and beyond, its major challenges and options for future progress. Conclusions Oil palm crop production faces many future challenges, including emerging threats from climate change and pests and diseases. The inevitability of climate change requires more effective international collaboration for its reduction. New breeding and management approaches are providing the promise of improvements, such as much higher yielding varieties, improved oil profiles, enhanced disease resistance, and greater climatic resilience.

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Section: Structure Of the Oil Palm Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil palm in the 2020s and beyond: challenges and solutions

2021

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“…In SE Asia, the primary regions for OP production in Indonesia are Sumatra (36) and Kalimantan (42) while in Malaysia the peninsula was the historical centre, although considerable expansion has occurred more recently in Sabah and Sarawak. Due their climatic suitability, OP cultivation has spread to other SE Asian countries, especially Thailand and Papua New Guinea (4,(43)(44)(45), with Myanmar and the Philippines in the initial stages of development (4,46,47). The OP is important to the economies of each of these countries.…”

Section: Structure Of the Oil Palm Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Americas, the first OP plantations were established in Honduras and Costa Rica and currently the largest industries are in Colombia and Ecuador, although Brazil is also expanding its production (4,46,48). South and Central America are considered excellent areas for OP development in terms of their theoretical ability to produce palm oil.…”

Section: Structure Of the Oil Palm Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil Palm in the 2020s and Beyond: Challenges and Solutions

Murphy¹,

Goggin²,

Paterson³

2020

Preprint

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Background Oil palm (OP), Elaeis guineensis , is by far the most important global oil crop, supplying about 40% of total traded vegetable oil. Palm oils are key dietary components consumed daily by over three billion people, mostly in Asia, and also have a wide range of important non-food uses including in cleansing and sanitising products. Main body Oil palm is a perennial crop with a >25-year life cycle and an exceptionally small land footprint compared to annual oilseed crops. Oil palm crops globally produce an annual 81 million tonnes (Mt) of oil from about 19 million hectares (Mha). In contrast, the second and third largest vegetable oil crops, soybean and rapeseed, yield a combined 84 Mt oil but occupy over 163 Mha of increasingly scarce arable land. Despite this advantage, oil palm has acquired a poor environmental reputation, especially in Europe and North America, although soybean planting is now responsible for more deforestation. Oil palm crops face other challenges in the 2020s. On the demand side, these include changing consumer purchasing habits, threats to global trade systems, and diminishing demand for liquid fuels as transport systems become increasingly electrified. On the supply side, major issues include stagnant yields in ageing plantations, sluggish replanting of improved varieties, labour shortages, diseases and climatic/ environmental threats. The latter include the increasing incidence of new and existing pests/diseases and a general lack of climatic resilience, especially relating to elevated temperatures and increasingly erratic rainfall patterns. This review surveys the oil palm sector in the 2020s and beyond, its major challenges and options for future progress. Conclusions Oil palm crops face many future challenges, including emerging threats from climate change and new pests and diseases, that require more effective international collaboration. Nevertheless, new breeding technologies are providing the promise of improvements, such as much higher yielding varieties, improved oil profiles, enhanced disease resistance and modified crop architecture to enable harvesting mechanisation. The industry also needs to redouble its efforts to engage with global consumers in a constructive dialogue aimed at addressing its image problem and explaining the many benefits of its products.

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“…The Amazon region has the largest oil palm cultivated areas in Brazil, covering 38,912 ha, constituting the main matrix for palm oil production in the country (NAHUN et al, 2020). Despite favorable climatic conditions in this region (LOPES and GUILHERME, 2007), several factors still limit the crop full development, such as adequate nutrition, which lead to low average of oil palm yield (17 t ha -1 ) (HOMMA and REBELLO, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus in Oil Palm Cultivated in the Oriental Amazon

Viégas

Farias²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2021

JAS

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Amazon soils have a low phosphorus (P) availability and few studies have investigated nutrition of palm oil plantations. This study assessed the effects of P nutrition on oil palm organs according to plant age. The experiment was carried out under field conditions, at the enterprise Agropalma S/A, in the municipality of Tailândia, Pará State, Brazil. The experimental design used was completely randomized with four replications and comprised seven treatments: plants age (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 years of planting). We evaluated P concentration, accumulation, and exportation in plant components (leaflets, petioles, stipe, rachis, palm heart, arrows, male inflorescences, peduncles, spikelets, and fruits). Palm heart (10.9 g kg-1) and male inflorescence (3.8 g kg-1) showed the highest P concentrations in the vegetative and reproductive organs, respectively. On the other hand, the largest P accumulations were observed in the stipe (159 g plant-1) and fruits (59 g plant-1), increasing from the 3rd year of age of the plants. Bunches exported the largest P amounts (81 g plant-1), especially in older plants. The oil palm immobilizes (24 kg ha-1) and recycles (23 kg ha-1) a large amount of P, more than it exports (12 kg ha-1) P.

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Formation of Palm Oil Cultivation in Para’s Amazon

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Oil palm in the 2020s and beyond: challenges and solutions

Oil palm in the 2020s and beyond: challenges and solutions

Oil Palm in the 2020s and Beyond: Challenges and Solutions

Phosphorus in Oil Palm Cultivated in the Oriental Amazon

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