“…The absorption peak at 1050 cm −1 corresponds to the short-crystalline structure, while the typical peak at 1020 cm −1 represents the amorphous structure of starch ( Warren et al, 2016 ). Therefore, the intensity of 1050/1110 cm −1 ( I 1050/1110 ) and 1020/1110 cm −1 ( I 1020/1110 ) commonly shows the short-crystalline structure and degree of amorphous, respectively, where a double helix structure is developed between amylopectin and/or amylose short chains ( Hu et al, 2023 ). Fig.…”
“…The absorption peak at 1050 cm −1 corresponds to the short-crystalline structure, while the typical peak at 1020 cm −1 represents the amorphous structure of starch ( Warren et al, 2016 ). Therefore, the intensity of 1050/1110 cm −1 ( I 1050/1110 ) and 1020/1110 cm −1 ( I 1020/1110 ) commonly shows the short-crystalline structure and degree of amorphous, respectively, where a double helix structure is developed between amylopectin and/or amylose short chains ( Hu et al, 2023 ). Fig.…”
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