Formation, distribution, potential and prediction of global conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources

Zou, Caineng; Zhai, Gangyi; Zhang, Guangya; Wang, Hongjun; Zhang, Guosheng; Li, Jianzhong; Wang, Zhaoming; Wen, Zhaofei; Ma, Feng; Yingbo, Liang; Zhi, Yang; Li, Xin; Liang, Kun

doi:10.1016/s1876-3804(15)60002-7

Cited by 243 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Kerogen-rich mudstones are important both as a traditional oil shale resource [1][2][3] and as source rocks for conventional [4] and unconventional oil and gas [5][6][7]. The Chang 7 member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin has all three attributes, having sourced traditional oil reservoirs [8,9], being considered as a target for production from the mature source rock by hydraulic fracturing [10][11][12], and occurring near the surface with organic carbon content greater than 10% by weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and development of the pore structure in Chang 7 member oil-shale from Ordos Basin during organic matter evolution induced by hydrous pyrolysis

Sun

Tuo

Zhang

et al. 2015

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181

130

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and development of the pore structure in Chang 7 member oil-shale from Ordos Basin during organic matter evolution induced by hydrous pyrolysis

Sun

Tuo

Zhang

et al. 2015

Fuel

181

130

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“…There are plans to mine the deep sea for polymetallic nodules on oceanic abyssal plains, cobalt‐rich ferromanganese crusts on seamounts and polymetallic sulphide deposits on volcanically active continental margins and mid‐ocean ridges (Miller, Thompson, Johnston, & Santillo, ). Deep‐sea sedimentary basins on continental margins are also of interest to the oil and gas industry (Zou et al, ), while renewable energy and aquaculture increasingly look to offshore areas to dilute environmental and social concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deep-sea sedimentary basins on continental margins are also of interest to the oil and gas industry (Zou et al, 2015), while renewable energy and aquaculture increasingly look to offshore areas to dilute environmental and social concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional‐scale patterns of deep seafloor biodiversity for conservation assessment

O'Hara

Williams

Althaus

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Mining and petroleum industries are exploring for resources in deep seafloor environments. Lease areas are often spatially aggregated and continuous over hundreds to thousands of kilometres. Sustainable development of these resources requires an understanding of the patterns of biodiversity at similar scales, yet these data are rarely available for the deep sea. Here, we compare biodiversity metrics and assemblage composition of epibenthic megafaunal samples from deep‐sea benthic habitats from the Great Australian Bight (GAB), a petroleum exploration zone off southern Australia, to similar environments off eastern Australia. Location The Great Australian Bight (34–36°S, 129–134°E) and south‐eastern (SE) and north‐eastern (NE) Australian continental margins (23–42°S, 149–155°E) in depths of 1,900–5,000 m. Methods A species–sample matrix was constructed from invertebrate and fish megafauna collected from beam trawl samples across regions at lower bathyal (1,900–3,200 m) and abyssal (>3,200 m) depths, and analysed using multivariate, rarefaction and model‐based statistics. We modelled rank abundance distributions (RAD) against environmental factors to identify drivers of abundance, richness and evenness. Results Multivariate analyses showed regional and bathymetric assemblage structure across the region. There was an almost complete turnover of sponge fauna between the GAB and SE. SE samples had the highest total faunal abundance and species richness. RAD models linked total abundance and species richness to levels of carbon flux. Evenness was associated with seasonality of net primary production. Conclusions Significant assemblage structure at regional scales is reported for the first time at lower bathyal and abyssal depths in the southern Indo‐Pacific region along latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. The GAB fauna was distinct from other studied areas. Relatively high species richness, previously reported from the GAB continental shelf, did not occur at lower bathyal or abyssal depths. Instead, the abundance, richness and evenness of the benthic fauna are linked to surface primary production, which is elevated off SE Australia.

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“…With the increasing demand for oil, tight oil reservoirs have gradually become an important field in oilfield exploration and development, given their future potential [1][2][3][4]. Because of the very low permeability and non-Darcy flow in tight oil reservoirs [5][6][7], a starting pressure gradient exists during waterflooding development, which leads to difficulties during injection, a rapid production decline [8][9][10], and insufficient formation energy challenges [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waterflooding Huff-n-puff in Tight Oil Cores Using Online Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

et al. 2018

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Given the difficulty in developing waterflooding in tight oil reservoirs, using waterflooding huff-n-puff is an effective method to improve oil recovery. Online nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can detect the change in internal oil and water during the core displacement process, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in real time. To improve the tight oil reservoir development effectiveness, cores with different permeability were selected for a waterflooding huff-n-puff experiment. Combined with online NMR equipment, the fluid saturation, recovery rate, and residual oil distribution were studied. The experiments showed that, for tight oil cores, more than 80% of the pores were sub-micro-and micro-nanopores. More than 77.8% of crude oil existed in the sub-micro-and micropores, and movable fluids mainly existed in the micropores with a radius larger than 1 µm. The NMR data and the MRI images both demonstrated that the recovery ratio of waterflooding after waterflooding huff-n-puff was higher than that of conventional waterflooding, and, therefore, residual oil was lower. Choosing two cycles' of waterflooding, huff-n-puff was more suitable for tight oil reservoir development. The production of crude oil increased by 22.2% in the field pilot test, which preliminarily proved that waterflooding huff-n-puff was suitable for tight oil reservoirs.

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Formation, distribution, potential and prediction of global conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources

Cited by 243 publications

References 11 publications

Formation and development of the pore structure in Chang 7 member oil-shale from Ordos Basin during organic matter evolution induced by hydrous pyrolysis

Formation and development of the pore structure in Chang 7 member oil-shale from Ordos Basin during organic matter evolution induced by hydrous pyrolysis

Regional‐scale patterns of deep seafloor biodiversity for conservation assessment

Waterflooding Huff-n-puff in Tight Oil Cores Using Online Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

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